ir Flashcards
Who is widely considered to be the most influential early proponent of the broad theory of domestic political and economic organization that we now call “liberalism”?
John locke
Over the past two centuries, a growing number of states have adopted “liberal” political and economic institutions. What characteristics do these states have in common
individual liberty, democratic governance, rule of law, market-based economies, and social welfare, fostering environments conducive to prosperity, stability, and human development.
The term “liberalism” is sometimes used to describe a narrower political orientation within liberal democracies. When the term is used in this narrower sense, what does it mean?
narrower sense within liberal democracies, it often refers to a political orientation that seeks to advance social progress, protect individual freedoms, and address socio-economic inequalities through a combination of progressive social policies and a commitment to liberal democratic principles.
Who was the first writer to combine all the major arguments about international relations that subsequently became known as “liberal international relations theory”?
Immanuel Kant. Kant
What are the three parts of the “tripod” or “triangle” of liberal international relations theory?
international institutions, international law, and democratic governance
What is the democratic peace proposition?
democratic peace proposition suggests that the spread of democracy and the promotion of democratic governance globally could contribute to greater international peace and stability by reducing the likelihood of interstate conflicts, particularly between democratic states.
How do liberal international relations theorists explain the democratic peace?
emphasizing the role of liberal values, institutions, and norms in fostering peaceful relations among democratic states.
What does Thomas Friedman argue about the relationship between international economic interdependence and international conflict?
Friedman’s argument revolves around the idea that economic interdependence, particularly in the form of globalized trade and investment, creates strong incentives for countries to maintain peaceful relations.
Imagine a world in which there are only two countries, France and Germany, and only two goods, bread and wine. The average worker in France can produce one bottle of wine or one loaf of bread per day. The average worker in Germany can produce four bottles of wine or two loaves of bread per day. Which country has a comparative advantage in the production of which good, and why?
France has a comparative advantage in the production of wine.
Germany has a comparative advantage in the production of bread. France has a lower opportunity cost of producing wine (1 loaf of bread) compared to Germany (2 loaves of bread), so France has a comparative advantage in producing wine.
Germany has a lower opportunity cost of producing bread (0.5 loaves of bread) compared to France (1 loaf of bread), so Germany has a comparative advantage in producing bread.
When and why, according to liberal international relations theory, is international trade mutually beneficial?
international trade is mutually beneficial because it allows countries to specialize in the production of goods and services in which they have a comparative advantage.
Why, according to Neil Irwin, does the United States run a persistent trade deficit?
combination of consumption habits, foreign investment, the dollar’s reserve currency status, productivity differentials, and government policies all contribute to the persistence of the U.S. trade deficit.
What do liberal international relations theorists mean by “hegemonic stability”?
situation in which a single dominant power, or hegemon, plays a central role in maintaining stability and order in the international system.
What are the composition and voting rules of the United Nations Security Council?
decisions of the Security Council generally require the affirmative votes of at least nine of the fifteen members, including the concurring votes of all five permanent members (those without the right to veto cannot abstain).
Which states are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council?
United States,United Kingdom,France,China, Russia.
What are the powers of the United Nations Security Council?
These five permanent members hold veto power, which means that any one of them can block substantive resolutions from being adopted by the Security Council, regardless of the level of support from other member states.
What lessons did the founders of the United Nations draw from the failure of the interwar League of Nations?
the failure of the League of Nations underscored the importance of creating a more effective and inclusive international organization capable of addressing global challenges and maintaining international peace and security. The lessons learned from the League of Nations influenced the design and structure of the United Nations, shaping its principles, institutions, and functions.
What is the current distribution of wealth and well-being on planet Earth?
aries significantly across regions, countries, and populations.
What does Pietra Rivoli argue about textile manufacturing?
complex and interconnected global phenomenon with far-reaching economic, social, and political implications.
