IQ1 - Reproduction

Question 1

asexual reproduction

Answer 1

the process of forming a genetically identical organism from one parent through cell division

Question 2

sexual reproduction

Answer 2

the process of forming a new organism from the fusion of the parent gametes

Question 3

eukaryotic cells

Answer 3

multicellular organisms; nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Question 4

prokaryotic cells

Answer 4

unicellular organisms; no nucleus or membrane bound organelles

Question 5

somatic cells

Answer 5

body cells

Question 6

homologous pairs

Answer 6

chromosome pairs that each carry the same gene in the same location (humans = 23 homologous pairs)

Question 7

haploid

Answer 7

number of homologous pairs (n)

Question 8

diploid

Answer 8

number of chromosomes (2n)

Question 9

spores

Answer 9

unicellular reproductive structures that can disperse, germinate and grow into a new organism

Question 10

clone

Answer 10

identical offspring from a parent

Question 11

binary fission

Answer 11

cell division resulting in a parent cell becoming two identical offspring cells

Question 12

budding

Answer 12

uneven cell division or outgrowth

Question 13

gametes

Answer 13

the sex cells produced in sexual reproduction; carry half the genetic material of offspring

Question 14

fertilisation

Answer 14

union of male and female gametes

Question 15

zygote

Answer 15

a fertilised egg; first cell of offspring

Question 16

embryo

Answer 16

an early stage in development of offspring

Question 17

internal fertilisation

Answer 17

union of male and female gametes within the female body

Question 18

external fertilisation

Answer 18

union of male and female gametes after their release outside of the body (aquatic)

Question 19

pollination

Answer 19

process where male gamete (pollen) is carried from the stamen of a flower to the stigma of another

Question 20

germination

Answer 20

the process of a seed growing into a new plant