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Science > Ip8 Summative1- Vocab > Flashcards

Ip8 Summative1- Vocab Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Food web vs food chain

A

Food web: many food chains together, bigger
Food chain: chain of transfer of energy of organisms
Producer–>primary consumers–> secondary consumers
(Plants) (Herbivore) (Omnivores+carnivores)

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2
Q

Physical adaptation

A

How an animal’s body is designed to affect its diet, the way it gets food, and its survival

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3
Q

Desalination

A

Removing salt from water

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4
Q

Mutation

A

Variation in DNA

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5
Q

5 kingdoms of living things

A 
1 monera
2 protoctista
3 fungi
4 plantae
5 animalia
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6
Q

Bacteria

A
  • One celled

- no nucleus,mitochondria

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7
Q

Fungus

A
  • Can’t make own food from sun

- decompose breakdown decaying matter

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8
Q

Plant

A
  • Have chloroplast to make food

- cell wall

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9
Q

Animal

A
  • Multicelled, complex

- can’t make own food

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10
Q

Protista

A
  • Has a nucleus
  • one celled
  • capable of movement
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11
Q

Solution

A

A mixture in which the solute particles is spread evenly throughout the solvent particles.

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12
Q

Saturation

A

The highest level/amount possible for a solute

For exp. taking a sponge out of a pail full of water –> fully saturated(can’t soak in anymore)

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13
Q

Biotic factor vs abiotic

A

Biotic: living
Abiotic: non-livin

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14
Q

Evaporation

A

A gradual process in which a liquid changes into gas/vapor

  • will be faster if add heat
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15
Q

Succession + 3 factors that drive succession

A

Steps that follow each other when a habitat is healing/ growing
3 factors that drive succession:
1. Physical changes produced by native residents
2. geological changes –> landslides, floods
3. Biogenic changes –> new predator, new consumer, invasive species

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16
Q

Mixture

A

A combination of two or more substances that do not lose their identity when combined.

Can still be separated physically.

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17
Q

Solvent

A

Substance that dissolves the solute to make a solution.

  • usually the greater quantity
  • usually a liquid
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18
Q

Biome

A

A global zone with its own unique climate, plants, and wildlife.
It is not divided by strict borders, blends into each other
It is shaped by natural elements such as mt, river

For exp. boreal forests, grasslands, mts, desert

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19
Q

Natural selection

A

The healthier animal will survive to pass on DNA

“Survival of the fittest

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20
Q

Concentration vs dilute

Concentrated

A

Concentration - amount of solute in solvent
Concentrated - a gap high level of solute in a solvent
Diluted - a low level of solute in a solution

Exp. thai tea is concentrated w/ sugar
Sharks can sense a diluted amount of blood in the ocean

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21
Q

Solute

A

Substance that dissolves in a solvent.

For exp. salt water
Salt- solute
Water- solvent

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22
Q

Camouflage

A

A physical adaptation that helps an animal blend into environment to hide from it’s predators and prey

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23
Q

Symbiosis

A

Relationships between organisms.

Dependence of organisms on one another.

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24
Q

Dissolve

A

Spreading of particles of a solute evenly through a solvent

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25
Q

Commensalism

A

Relationship between species where one animal benefits while the other is not affected. ( no gain, no loss )

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26
Q

Ingredient

A

A substance used to make a solution or a mixture.

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27
Q

Producer

A

Organism that makes own food

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28
Q

Herbivore

A

Eat only plants

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29
Q

Consumer

A

An organism that depends on other organisms as food sources

30
Q

Omnivore

A

Consumer that eats both plants and animals

31
Q

Primary consumer

A

Plant-eaters

Exp. deer, rabbit, cow

32
Q

Scavenger

A

Organisms that eat dead already

Exp. buzzards, vulture, wasp

33
Q

Tyndall effect

Explain the difference in solution and mixture.

A

A test for determining a true solution.

Solution: it will not appear clearly since, didn’t hit any particles, no particles to reflect off of

Mixture: can see clearly the beam of light since there were more+bigger particles

34
Q

Host

A

-Organism where the parasite lives off of

35
Q

Parasitism

A

Negative relationship between species where one species harms the host it is living off of.

36
Q

Mutualism

A

Relationship between species where both animals benefit from one another.

50/50

37
Q

Mimicry

A

Acting like or looking like a more dangerous organism for protection

38
Q

Competition

A

Relationship between species where animals compete against each other for the same resources.

39
Q

Bio diversity

A

Having many different species in a habitat

Benefits: more food sources, more symbiosis, more resistant to bad changes and diseases

40
Q

Tools for separating mixtures and solutions

A
  1. Evaporation
  2. Heat
  3. Filtering
  4. Sieve (strainer)
  5. Hands and tweezers
  6. Magnetic force
41
Q

K selected

A

Parents have few young which they give lots of care + attention to
: more survive

For exp. humans, tiger, whale, panda

42
Q

R selected

A

Parents have many young where they give little or no attention to.
: only a few survive

For exp, dandelion, mice, insects, sea turtles

43
Q

Environment

A

Everything around a habitat, all connected to each other, both living and non living .

44
Q

Invasive species

A

An animal that doesn’t belong in the environment with the native species. Slowly bringing harm to the environment.

45
Q

Niche

A

An animal’s job in the environment

46
Q

Non living factors that affect survival

A

Water
Sun- temp
-main source of energy for everything living

47
Q

Secondary consumer

A

Eat the herbivores, meat

Exp. hawk, lion

48
Q

Bio magnification

A

Concentration of energy and pollution increases up the food chain

49
Q

Poisonous vs venomous

A

Poisonous: touched or eaten
Venomous: bitten, stung

50
Q

Pioneer species

A

The first organisms to arrive in a habitat such as worms, seeds, insects, weeds

51
Q

Climax species

A

Final product of an adult forest or habitat such as tall trees, large carnivores

52
Q

Decomposer

A

Breaks down dead species

Exp. mushrooms, worms

53
Q

Evolution

A

Changes over long periods of time

54
Q

Variation

A

The small differences in species such as hair color, eye color, spots, curls

55
Q

Appendages

A

Something on an organism’s body it uses to survive

56
Q

Darwin’s theory vs Lamark’s

A

Lamarck: physical changes in the parents are passed down to young sauce us strength, stretching (giraffes)

Darwin: animals with the best DNA are the ones to survive to have offspring with their trait (weaker one is not able to breed)

57
Q

Reptiles

A

Snake, lizards

58
Q

Amphibians

A

Frogs, toads, salamanders

59
Q

Insects

A

Ants, butterflies

60
Q

Fish

A

Clownfish, goldfish

61
Q

Annelids

A

Worms, night crawlers

62
Q

Porifera

A

Sea sponges

63
Q

Crustacean

A

Crabs, barnacles

64
Q

Echinoderm

A

Sea star

65
Q

Cnidaria

A

Jellyfish

66
Q

Mammals

A

Human, kangaroo, dolphins

67
Q

When we mix solutes and solvents……

A

The masses often never change but the volume often does change.

68
Q

Physical property

A

The characteristics of a substance

Exp. appearance, solvable, mass, volume, 5 senses

69
Q

Solvable-insolvable

A

Solvable- will dissolve in water

Insolvable- will not dissolve in water

70
Q

Boiling

A

A process in which a liquid rapidly changes into a gas

  • water boils at 100 c*
  • boiling point is lower at higher elevations
71
Q

Distillation + uses

A

heating a liquid until it vaporizes, condensing the vapor, and collecting it in a separate container

Uses: purifying water, separate solutions, solvents, solutes

Science (2 decks)

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