Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IP > IP6 final exam drugs > Flashcards

IP6 final exam drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what 3 drugs are used in PAD?

A

aspirin, clopidogrel, cilostazol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

aspirin drug class

A

COX-1 inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

aspirin use in PAD

A

antiplatelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

clopidogrel drug class

A

platelet P2Y12 inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

clopidogrel use in PAD

A

antiplatelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cilostazol drug class

A

PDE3 inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cilostazol use in PAD

A

intermittent claudication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what dosage form of nitroglycerine has the quickest onset of action but the shortest duration of action?

A

sublingual (peak action: 4-8 min; duration: 10-30 minutes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nitroglycerine (glyceryl trinitrate) brand names

A

Minitran, Nitro-Bid, Nitro-Dur, Nitrolingual, Nitrostat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

nitroglycerine formulations

A

sublingual, topical ointment, topical patch, intravaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

isosorbide dinitrate brand names

A

Dilatrate-SR, Isochron, Isodril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

isosorbide dinitrate formulations

A

oral, sublingual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

isosorbide mononitrate brand names

A

Imdur, Ismo, Monoket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

isosorbide mononitrate formulation

A

oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

amyl nitrite brand name

A

Amyl Nitrite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

amyl nitrite formulation

A

nasal inhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ranolazine brand name

A

Ranexa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

name the organic nitrates

A

nitroglycerine, isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, amyl nitrite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what drug is most commonly prescribed for the treatment of acute anginal attacks?

A

sublingual nitroglycerine (Nitrostat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what drugs are most commonly prescribed for the prevention of recurring angina?

A

oral isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, nitroglycerine patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

true or false? organic nitrates are prodrugs.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the common functional group among the organic nitrates (excluding amyl nitrite)?

A

NO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the N functional group on amyl nitrite?

A

NO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

how many NO3 are on isosorbide mononitrate?

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

how many NO3 are on isosorbide dinitrate?

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

how many NO3 are on nitroglycerine?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what does the N functional group on the organic nitrates become once inside the body (the active form)?

A

NO (nitric oxide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what reaction is catalyzed when NO binds to guanylate cyclase?

A

conversion of guanosine triphosphate to cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what does increased levels of intracellular cGMP lead to?

A

muscle relaxation/vasodilation

30
Q

what are the adverse effects of organic nitrates?

A

headache and postural hypotension (most common) and N/V, tachycardia, and restlessness (less common)

31
Q

what is the nitrate free interval required to prevent tolerance in patients using chronic nitrate therapy?

A

at least 8 hours

32
Q

when is it appropriate to use long-acting organic nitrates as adjunctive prophylactic therapy?

A

when your patient is not responding to calcium channel blockers and/or beta-blockers

33
Q

how is prinzmetal angina treated?

A

organic nitrates

34
Q

discharge meds for ACS (fab 5)

A

B-blockers, ACEI/ARB, Statins, P2Y12 inhibitor, aspirin

35
Q

ambulance meds for ACS

A

morphine, O2, SL nitroglycerine, aspirin (MONA)

36
Q

meds for arrival to the ED for ACS

A

parenteral anticoag, P2Y12 inhibitor, B-blocker GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor (+/-)

37
Q

treatment for warm and wet HF

A

loop diuretic

38
Q

cold and dry treatment in HF

A

decrease B-blocker dose, IV fluids if PAOP <15 mmHg until PAOP 15-18 mm Hg, IV positive inotropic

39
Q

cold and wet treatment for HF

A

IV loop diuretics to achieve PAOP 15-18 mm Hg, IV vasodilators, IV positive inotropic medications

40
Q

medications to reverse digoxin

A

Digibind, Digifab, Digoxin Immune FAB

41
Q

which sugars are most commonly found in cardiac glycosides?

A

beta-D-Digitoxose, beta-D-Glucose, beta-D-Cymarose, beta-L-Rhamnose

42
Q

milrinone mechanism of action

A

PDE3 inhibitor

43
Q

interaction between spironolactone and digoxin

A

increased serum digoxin

44
Q

goal levels of digoxin

A

0.5-0.8 ng/mL

45
Q

what beta-blockers are ok to use in HF?

A

carvedolol, metoprolol succinate, bisoprolol

46
Q

meds to avoid with rHF (EF<40%)

A

beta-blockers, non dihydorpyradine calcium channel blockers, Actos

47
Q

perfect world meds for rHF

A

Entresto, Farxiga, Coreg, Inspra

48
Q

meds for pHF

A

loop diuretic

49
Q

what meds decrease mortality and morbidity in HF

A

ACEI/ARB, aldosterone antagonist, beta-blocker

50
Q

what ARBs are ok to use in HF?

A

valsartan, cendesartan, losartan

51
Q

when do you reduce the dose on spironolactone?

A

when crcl <50

52
Q

meds for rhythm control in patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF and no structural heart disease

A

dofetilide, dronedarone, flecainide, propafenone, sotolol, (amiodarone)

53
Q

meds for rhythm control in patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF and CAD

A

dofetilide, dronedarone, sotalol, (amiodarone)

54
Q

meds for rhythm control in patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF and HF

A

amiodarone, dofetilide

55
Q

class IA antiarrhythmics

A

disopyramide, procainamide, quinidine

56
Q

class IB antiarrhythmics

A

lidocaine, mexiletine

57
Q

class IC antiarrhythmics

A

flecainie, moricizine, propafenone

58
Q

class II antiarrhythmics

A

esmolol, metoprolol, propranolol

59
Q

class III antiarrhythmics

A

amiodarone, dronedarone, dofetilide, ibutilide, sotalol

60
Q

class IV antiarrhythmics

A

diltiazem, verapimil

61
Q

miscellaneous antiarrhythmics

A

adenosine, atropine, digoxin

62
Q

what are the effects of adenosine?

A

an increase in AV nodal refractoriness, a decrease in delayed afterdepolarizations due to sympathetic stimulation

63
Q

what is adenosine used for?

A

acute termination of reentrant supraventricular arrhythmias due to its effects on AV nodal conduction

64
Q

what does atropine do?

A

blocks the SNS, therefore speeding up the heart rate (reverses bradycardia)

65
Q

drugs that may cause Torsades de Pointes

A

class IA, IC, and III antiarrhythmics, FQs, macrolides, pentamidine, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, mesoridazine, pimozide, thioridazine, ziprasidone, citalopram, methadone

66
Q

digoxin drug class

A

cardiac glycoside

67
Q

positive inotropic drugs

A

dopamine, dobutamine, milrinone

68
Q

low dose dopamine

A

vasodilation, increased GFR

69
Q

intermediate dose dopamine

A

increased cardiac contractility and cardiac output (stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors), good for pts with systemic hypotension

70
Q

high dose dopamine

A

alpha-adrenergic receptor activity, peripheral venous and arterial vasoconstriction, increases CO, good if pt has systemic hypotension, can cause arrhythmias

IP (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions