IP11 Ophtho - Flash Cards - Anatomy

Question 1

Min opth database tests in order

Answer 1

STT, fluoroscin, tonomotry

Question 2

boundary b/t intraconal and extraconal spaces that encircles the extraocular muscles

Answer 2

orbital cone

Question 3

globe is too rostral in its orbit

Answer 3

exophthalmos

Question 4

globe is too caudal in its orbit

Answer 4

enophthalmos

Question 5

equator of the globe is anterior to the palpebral fissure

Answer 5

proptosis

Question 6

eye is large but not pushed out; d/t increased corneal diameter

Answer 6

buphthalmos

Question 7

congenitally small globe, especially common in merle or white coats with multiple ocular defects

Answer 7

microphthalmos

Question 8

acquired decreased globe size; end stage glaucoma, trauma, uveitis

Answer 8

phthisis bulbi

Question 9

acquired enophthalmos where there is normal globe size can be d/t _______

Answer 9

dehydration, emaciation, muscle atrophy

Question 10

inability to completely close eyelids, often accompanies exophthalmos

Answer 10

lagophthalmos

Question 11

most basic cause of exophthalmos

Answer 11

space occupation (cells, hyperplasia, inflammatory, neoplasia, fluid, blood, cyst, lipid, air)

Question 12

orbital abscess dx

Answer 12

orbital US (looks like two eyes)

Question 13

orbital abscess tx

Answer 13

abx, drain, soft food, corneal lubrication

Question 14

characterized by acute, recurrent episodes of facial muscle inflammation

Answer 14

mmm (masticatory muscle myositis)

Question 15

mm affected by masticatory muscle myositis

Answer 15

pterygoid, temporalis, masseter

Question 16

masticatory muscle myositis is a ___lateral dz

Answer 16

bi

Question 17

CBC changes seen w/ masticatory muscle myositis

Answer 17

elevated CK, peripheral eosinophilia

Question 18

a positive _____ test is diagnostic for masticatory muscle mysotis

Answer 18

2m autoab test (serum)

Question 19

acute masticatory muscle myositis tx

Answer 19

systemic immunosuppressives until CK normal, jaw movement

Question 20

chronic masticatory muscle myositis tx

Answer 20

manage enophthalmos (conservative)

Question 21

autoimmune myositis causing bilateral exophthalmos, stressed look, scleral show and fixed gaze

Answer 21

emm (extraocular muscle myositis)

Question 22

third eyelid protrusion w/ extraocular muscle myositis?

Answer 22

no

Question 23

third eyelid protrusion w/ masticatory muscle myositis?

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

extraocular muscle myositis tx

Answer 24

immunosuppression (recurrences common)

Question 25

sequelae of chronic cases of extraocular muscle myositis

Answer 25

enophthalmos, strabismus

Question 26

are orbital neoplasms usually benign or malignant?

Answer 26

malignant

Question 27

signs of orbital neoplasia

Answer 27

gradual onset, exophthalmos, 3rd eyelid elevation, lack of retropulsion, absence of pain opening mouth

Question 28

considerations for proptosis when traveling to vet

Answer 28

keep eye moist (ky jelly, artificial tears, corn oil)

Question 29

proptosis positive prognostic indicators

Answer 29

positive consensual PLR, voluntary globe movement (+/- pupil size)

Question 30

w/ proptosis, miotic pupil indicates intact _____ innervation

Answer 30

PNS

Question 31

negative prognostic indicators for proptosis

Answer 31

transected optic nerve, chronic, hyphema, laceration, rupture, doliocephalic, cat, complete bony orbit

Question 32

when placing mattress sutures for globe replacement, suture needs to go through ______ of the eyelid

Answer 32

margin

Question 33

length of time tarsorrhaphy (lid sutures) should stay in place after globe replacement

Answer 33

2-3w

Question 34

when strabismus occurs post proptosis replacement, it is typically ______

Answer 34

lateral

Question 35

removal of the globe only

Answer 35

enucleation

Question 36

removal of the globe and orbital contents

Answer 36

exenteration

Question 37

removal of the intraocular contents only

Answer 37

evisceration

Question 38

enucleation removal through the conjunctiva; must remove nictitans and residual conjunctiva as well, better for histopath

Answer 38

subconjunctival

Question 39

enucleation removal through the eyelids; better for infected eyes or intraocular neoplasia

Answer 39

transpalpebral

Question 40

especially in cats, careful not to put traction on the _____ during enucleation

Answer 40

optic nerve

Question 41

ligate optic nerve during enucleation?

Answer 41

no