IP services (FHRP/Syslog/SNMP/Netflow) Flashcards

1
Q

Como eh feita a comunicacao HSRP (padroes)

MAC

A

Comunicacao entre roteadores via multicast (hello)

  1. 0.0.2 v1
  2. 0.0.102 v2

Hello - Eleicao do ativo (3segundos / 10segundos

MAC -24bits iniciais OUI
16bits Well Known MAC
8bits HSRP group number

000:0C - Cisco
07:ac/ 9f:f0 HSRPv1/v2
0a - group 10

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2
Q

Maneiras de se obter msgs de log/ verificacao

A

sh loggin

loggin monitor -> envia msg de log p todos os usuarios logados

Console (padrao) - no logging console
Buffer RAM (padrao) - no loggin buffer
Terminal lines - terminal monitor
Servidor - loggin [ip]

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3
Q

Protocolos FHRP (portas e protocolo)

A

VRRP(v1/v2) - UDP 1985 A versao 2 permite que os timers sejam configurados em milisegundos
HSRP - UDP 1985
GLBP - UDP 3222

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4
Q

configuracao NetFlow

A

(config-if) ip flow ingress
(config-if) ip flow egress

(config) ip flow-export destination [ip] [porta]
(config) ip flow-export version [1,5,9]
(config) ip flow-export source loopback 0

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5
Q

Configuracao e padroes (grupos, prioridade e timer)

A

(config-if) standby [group] ip [ip_virtual] - Cria o grupo
(config-if) standby [group] name [nome]
(config-if) standby [group] priority [X]
(config-if) standby [group] timers msec 200 msec 700
(config-if) standby [group] preempt
(config-if) standby [group] track [interface]

quantidade max de grupos 256 (0-255) HSRP v1
max de 4096 grupos HSRP v2

prioridade padrao -100
timer padrao 3s e 10s (3x padrao)
usualmente se troca os timers p 200 e 700 msec
O roteador q for configurado primeiro sera o ativo intemendentemente da prioridade

Interface tracking: qndo o link externo do roteador fica inativo, sua prioridade diminui e o standby assume

(config-if) standby 1 track serial 0/0/1

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6
Q

verificacao hsrp

A

show standby
show standby brief
debup standby

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7
Q

comandos para verificar e setar o nivel de seguranca

A

sh logging - visualiza os buffers
logging trap [0-7]/[nome_severidade]

service timestamps log datetime msec
service sequence-numbers

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8
Q

Caracteristicas HSRP

A

Ate 8 roteadores
Proprietario CISCO
Sem load balance (pode separar gateways difetentes por VLAN no entanto)

O roteador com maior prioridade se torna o ativo. Caso de empate, o c maior IP se torna o ativo

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9
Q

configuracao SNMP e traps(padrao)/informs

A

(config) snmp-server comunity [senha] [ro/rw] [/acl]

Configuracao para enviar traps e dps habilitar:

(config) snmp-server host [ip/hostname] version 2c [comunity_senha]
(config) snmp-server enable traps

(config) snmp-server location [X]
(config) snmp-server contact [X]

ip access-list standard SNMP_acesso
permit …
deny …

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10
Q

Niveis de seguranca

A
DINAECA
0 Emergencia
1 Alerta
2 Critico
3 Erro
4 Aviso
5 Notificacao
6 Info
7 Debug
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11
Q

portas snmp / syslog

A

UDP
161 NMS->aparelho
info requests

162
trap info
SNMP agent -> NMS

UDP 514 sys

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12
Q

o que as versoes do SNMP adicionaram?

A

nao se mudou mt a respeito de seguranca da versao 1 para a 2c..
Foram feitas mudancas p tornar mais eficiente o metodo de obtencao de estatisticas
v3-> autenticacao, encriptacao e integridade

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13
Q

configurar trap messages/ verificar o NSM que esta configurado p receber trap messages (V2)

A

snmp-server host [IP] version 2c [comunity_string]
snmp-server enable traps

show snmp host

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14
Q

verificar a ACL configurada/ senha da community

A
sh snmp community
sh snmp location
sh snmp contact
sh snmp host (community, host, versao)
sh snmp
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