IP C.Q.3 Flashcards
What are the components of the use of drugs
Dangers of performance enhancing drug use (physical effects, loss of reputation +sponsorship +income)
For strength (HGH + Anabolic steroids)
For Aerobic (EPO)
To mask other drugs (diuretics, alcohol)
Benefits and limitations of drug testing
Define the dangers of performance enhancing drug use (physical effects, loss of reputation + sponsorship + income)
PE: performance enhancing drugs can carry health risks
R, S, I: positive drug test hits media quickly with damage negative and widespread
Explain the dangers of performance enhancing drug use (physical effects, loss of reputation + sponsorship + income)
PE: *some reversible (testicular atrophy) others are not (baldness)
*tumors, high blood pressure, trembling
* changes in emotional behaviours (mood swings, irritability and aggression)
*diuretics can result in reduced concentration and reaction time
R, S, I: *athletes viewed as role models, doping irreparably damages reputation
* consequently they lose sponsorship and income because they cannot compete
Define the use of drugs for strength (HGH, Anabolic steroids)
HGH: naturally produced peptide responsible for growth
AS: artificial tissue building testosterone
Explain the use of drugs for strength (HGH, Anabolic steroids)
HGH: *increased muscle size and strength
*mobilisation of fat (makes it a source of energy), allowing glycogen to be held for later phase of endurance events (sprint finish)
*long term effects: heart disease and diabetes
AS: *increase weight, strength, power and recovery time
*negative effects: liver damage, stunted growth (teens)
Example the use of drugs for strength (HGH, Anabolic steroids)
HGH: body builder, rugby player
AS: weight lifting, track and field
Define the use of drugs for aerobic (EPO)
A protein produced in the kidneys, artificial process of increasing red blood cells to improve aerobic performance (blood doping)
Explain the use of drugs for aerobic (EPO)
*increases aerobic capacity
*work at higher intensities
*prevents fatigue associated with lactic acid accumulation
*increases red blood cells and oxygen-carrying capacity to working muscles =increased aerobic performance and reduced fatigue
*increases blood viscosity causing poor circulation, blood clots, strokes and high blood pressure
Example the use of drugs for aerobic (EPO)
Endurance swimmer
Define the use of drugs to mask other drugs (diuretics, alcohol)
Diuretics: a masking agent and a tool for rapid weight loss
Alcohol: depressant that slows bodily functions
Explain the use of drugs to mask other drugs (diuretics, alcohol)
D: *excreting excess fluid to increase urine production
*can be used in sport required to “make weight”
*excretion of fluids diluted urine, lowering concentration of banned substances (more difficult to detect)
*negative side effects: severe dehydration, heart and kidney failure, rapid drop in blood pressure
A: *found in cough mixture therefore a masking drug
*diuretic properties (dilutes urine) alcohol is a masking drug
Negative side effects: altered coordination, reaction time, blurred vision and slurred speech, nausea and vomiting
What are the benefits and limitations of drug testing
Benefits: *equal opportunity
* tested anywhere anytime (deterrent)
*protects athletes right to compete in doping free environment
Limitations: *can only detect known drugs
*invasive
*expensive
What are the components of the use of tech
Training innovation (lactate threshold testing and biomechanical analysis)
Equipment advances (LZR swimsuit)
Define Training innovation (lactate threshold testing and biomechanical analysis)
LTT: measures maximum steady state intensity without accumulation of lactic acid
BA: adopts laws of physics and mechanics of sport performance
Explain Training innovation (lactate threshold testing and biomechanical analysis)
LTT: *endurance athletes, understand point at which body is unable to remove lactic acid as quickly as it is produced
*represented by point where ventilation rate increases, lactic acid levels increase and fatigue sets in
Biomechanics analysis: *internal + external factors affecting the way the body moves
*simulated movements, able to measure movement
Example Training innovation (lactate threshold testing and biomechanical analysis)
LTT: lab-based threshold testing (bike treadmill or rower), blood samples recorded as test rises in intensity, until lactate threshold is achieved
BA: *video analysis, slow-mo replays
Link Training innovation (lactate threshold testing and biomechanical analysis)
LTL: optimise performance, expensive
BA: improve technique, minimise injury risk
Define the use of tech equipment advances (LZR swimsuit)
Speedo launched LZR swimsuit in 1998
Explain the use of tech equipment advances (LZR swimsuit)
*gretaer oxygen flow to muscles, repelled water, reduced drag, increased speed
*assisted hydrodynamic position by improving buoyancy and streamline position
Example the use of tech equipment advances (LZR swimsuit)
FINA endorsed swimsuit prior to 2008 Beijing Olympics, 23 of 25 records broken there were wearing suit. Suit was considered technological doping and was banned in 2009.
