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IP and MAC addressing Flashcards

1
Q

What does IP stand for?

A

Internet Protocol

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2
Q

What does MAC stand for?

A

Media Access Control

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3
Q

True or False: An IP address is a unique identifier for a device on a network.

A

True

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: A MAC address is a _____ identifier assigned to network interfaces.

A

unique

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5
Q

What is the primary purpose of an IP address?

A

To identify devices on a network and facilitate communication.

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6
Q

What format is an IPv4 address typically represented in?

A

Dotted decimal format (e.g., 192.168.1.1)

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7
Q

How many bits is an IPv4 address?

A

32 bits

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8
Q

True or False: A MAC address is typically written in hexadecimal format.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the length of a MAC address?

A

48 bits

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10
Q

What is the purpose of subnetting?

A

To divide a larger network into smaller, manageable sub-networks.

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11
Q

What does CIDR stand for?

A

Classless Inter-Domain Routing

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12
Q

True or False: An IPv6 address is 128 bits long.

A

True

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13
Q

What is the main advantage of IPv6 over IPv4?

A

It provides a vastly larger address space.

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: The first three octets of a MAC address identify the _____ of the device.

A

manufacturer

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15
Q

What are the two main types of IP addresses?

A

Static and Dynamic

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16
Q

What is a loopback address in IPv4?

A

127.0.0.1

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17
Q

True or False: A public IP address can be accessed over the internet.

A

True

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18
Q

What does NAT stand for?

A

Network Address Translation

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19
Q

What is the purpose of NAT?

A

To allow multiple devices on a local network to share a single public IP address.

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20
Q

What is the range of a Class A IP address?

A

1.0.0.0 to 126.255.255.255

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21
Q

What is the range of a Class B IP address?

A

128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255

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22
Q

What is the range of a Class C IP address?

A

192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: A device’s MAC address is burned into its _____ at the factory.

A

hardware

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24
Q

What is the purpose of ARP?

A

To map an IP address to a MAC address.

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25
Q

What does DHCP stand for?

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

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26
Q

What is the role of DHCP in a network?

A

To dynamically assign IP addresses to devices on a network.

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27
Q

What is a broadcast address?

A

An address used to send data to all devices on a subnet.

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28
Q

True or False: A device can have multiple IP addresses.

A

True

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29
Q

What is the function of a router in relation to IP addresses?

A

To forward packets between different networks based on IP addresses.

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30
Q

What is the significance of the subnet mask?

A

It defines the network and host portions of an IP address.

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31
Q

Fill in the blank: An IP address of 255.255.255.255 is known as the _____ address.

A

broadcast

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32
Q

What is the primary difference between TCP and UDP?

A

TCP is connection-oriented, while UDP is connectionless.

33
Q

What is a default gateway?

A

The IP address of a router that a device uses to send data to another network.

34
Q

What does the term ‘address exhaustion’ refer to?

A

The depletion of available IP addresses in a given address space.

35
Q

True or False: IPv4 addresses are running out due to the limited address space.

36
Q

What is the purpose of IPv6 addressing?

A

To provide a larger address space to accommodate more devices.

37
Q

What is the notation used to represent an IPv6 address?

A

Hexadecimal notation with colons separating groups.

38
Q

Fill in the blank: The last octet of a Class C address is used for _____ identification.

39
Q

What is a link-local address?

A

An IP address that is valid only within a single network segment.

40
Q

What is the function of a MAC address?

A

To identify a device on a local network.

41
Q

What is a private IP address?

A

An IP address that is not routable on the internet.

42
Q

True or False: Private IP addresses can be used for communication within a local network.

43
Q

What are the private IP address ranges for Class A?

A

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

44
Q

What are the private IP address ranges for Class B?

A

172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

45
Q

What are the private IP address ranges for Class C?

A

192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

46
Q

What protocol is used to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses?

A

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

47
Q

What is the role of a switch in a network?

A

To connect devices within a single network and forward frames based on MAC addresses.

48
Q

True or False: A switch operates at the Data Link layer of the OSI model.

49
Q

What is the difference between unicast and multicast?

A

Unicast is one-to-one communication, while multicast is one-to-many communication.

50
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ layer of the OSI model is responsible for logical addressing.

51
Q

What is the purpose of a VPN?

A

To create a secure connection over a less secure network.

52
Q

True or False: A MAC address can be changed or spoofed.

53
Q

What is the role of ICMP in networking?

A

To send control messages and error messages in IP networks.

54
Q

What does the acronym ‘ping’ stand for in networking?

A

Packet Internet Groper

55
Q

What is the purpose of the ping command?

A

To test the reachability of a host on an IP network.

56
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ protocol is used to manage the allocation of IP addresses.

57
Q

What is an IP address class?

A

A categorization of IP addresses based on their leading bits.

58
Q

What is the maximum number of hosts in a Class C network?

59
Q

True or False: A subnet mask determines which part of an IP address is the network and which part is the host.

60
Q

What is the purpose of a VLAN?

A

To segment a network into different broadcast domains.

61
Q

What does the term ‘broadcast storm’ refer to?

A

A situation where there is excessive broadcast traffic on a network.

62
Q

What is a network prefix in CIDR notation?

A

The part of the IP address that indicates the network portion.

63
Q

Fill in the blank: IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated by removing _____.

A

leading zeros

64
Q

What is the purpose of the ‘whois’ command?

A

To query information about domain names and IP addresses.

65
Q

True or False: The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) manages IP address allocation.

66
Q

What is a static IP address?

A

An IP address that does not change and is manually assigned.

67
Q

What is a dynamic IP address?

A

An IP address that is assigned by a DHCP server and can change.

68
Q

What is the purpose of IPv6 link-local addresses?

A

To allow communication between devices on the same local network segment.

69
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ bit in a MAC address indicates the unicast or multicast nature of the address.

A

least significant

70
Q

What is a network interface card (NIC)?

A

A hardware component that connects a computer to a network.

71
Q

What is the difference between a public and private IP address?

A

Public IP addresses are routable on the internet, while private IP addresses are not.

72
Q

True or False: Each device on a local network must have a unique MAC address.

73
Q

What is the function of a DHCP lease?

A

To specify the duration for which an IP address is assigned to a device.

74
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ protocol is used for sending email messages.

75
Q

What is the role of DNS in networking?

A

To translate domain names into IP addresses.

76
Q

What does the term ‘subnet’ refer to?

A

A smaller network within a larger network.

77
Q

What is the purpose of a firewall in relation to IP addresses?

A

To control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on IP addresses.

78
Q

True or False: The default subnet mask for a Class A address is 255.0.0.0.

computer science (3 decks)

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