IP Addressing Flashcards
Define Internet Protocol (IP)?
The Internet Protocol, or IP, defines a set of rules and how data is sent from one device to another on the Internet. These rules include how data is routed and addressed to travel across all the networks that make up the Internet.
What year marks the standard for data communication?
The 1 of January 1983 marks the day when a standard for data communication was created. This standard, TCP IP, really gave momentum to the expansion of the Internet. TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol.
What is an IP address and its most common type?
An IP address simply identifies a device on a network so data can be delivered to it (ie electronic mail). The most common addressing used today is Internet Protocol version 4 or IPV4.
What are the network classes?
For instance, an A-class network is used for large corporations. The next class is a B-class, and they are for medium-sized businesses. And then there is the C-class that is used for home networks and small businesses.
Define a subnet mask?
The Internet Protocol uses something called a subnet mask to identify the network and host portions of the address. A subnet mask uses the same format as an IP address. Starting from the left, it identifies which of the four decimal numbers separated by a dot belong to the network side of the address. Each of these sections is called an octet. There are three common subnet masks, and they are used for different network classes.
What are the 3 common subnet masks?
For example, an A-class network uses the subnet mask 255.0.0.0. Here, the first octet is the network part, and the last three octets are the host part. On the other hand, a B-class network uses the subnet mask 255.255.0.0. In this case, the first and second octets are the network part, and the last two octets are the host part. And a C-class network uses the subnet mask 255.255.255.0. Here, the first three octets are the network part, and only the last octet is the host part.
What’s the difference between the IPv6 and IPv4?
A new IP version was needed to address this exhaustion, and Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) was introduced as the new IP standard. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) designed and developed IPv6 in 1998, and it was finally adopted as a recognized internet standard in July 2017.
IPv6 uses a 128-bit address in comparison to the 32-bit address of IPv4. That is a significant increase in available addresses because for every additional bit, the possibilities double. For instance, IPv4 has over 4 billion addresses. If you were to add just 1 bit more to make it a 33-bit address, the possibilities double to 8 billion. That’s a lot of addresses! In fact,IPv6 has approximately 7.9x1028 times more addresses than IPv4.
What traffic does IPv4 support?
-Broadcast traffic
-Unicast “
What traffic does IPv6 support?
-Multicast traffic
-Unicast “
-Anycast “
What is the IP default router?
The default gateway IP address is typically the IP address of your router. To find it, open a command prompt or terminal, type “ipconfig” and press Enter, and look for the “Default Gateway” entry. On most operating systems, it’s the router’s internal LAN IP address.
What is a static IPv4 config?
IPv4 address
Subnet mask
Default gateway
Static configuration requires that you physically visit each device and input the IPv4 configuration.
This method is better for devices that are physically connected by a cable on your network and are unlikely to move. Once configured, devices like a printer or a server won’t need reconfiguration.
What is dynamic IP address assignment?
It automatically configures IP address information for network devices. This is a much better solution for devices that move around the network, especially those connected to Wi-Fi, as these are typically devices that disconnect and reconnect to a network at different times. User devices like laptops and mobile phones are much better suited to dynamic assignment, and you save time by not having to configure them.
What is the difference between public vs private IP addresses?
Internet (public) addresses can be separate from a group of addresses that can be used repeatedly on a company’s private network. This made millions of IPv4 addresses available again. These private addresses can be assigned dynamically or statically, but they do not appear on the internet.
Public IP addresses are only needed when you connect to the internet and are globally unique. These are typically assigned dynamically by an internet service provider (ISP) to give you an internet connection. It cannot use any of the private addresses in the ranges described above, as these are not unique.
Translating these private addresses to public only occurs when an internet connection is introduced to a network. A router takes care of address translation using network address translation (NAT).
How large is IPv6?
IPv6 offers a massive 340 undecillion (3.4 x 10^38) unique IP addresses, significantly more than the 4.29 billion addresses available in IPv4.
How large is IPv4?
IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long, meaning they can represent 2^32 unique values. This results in approximately 4.3 billion possible IP addresses.
