IP 1

Question 1

Name the carpal bones

Answer 1

Hamate, capitate, lunate, scaphoid, triquetrum, trapezoid, trapezium

Question 2

Common fracture under 10 yrs

Answer 2

Buckle/torus or green stick fractures

Question 3

Common fractures 10-14 yrs

Answer 3

Epiphyseal plate SALTR-Harris

Question 4

SALTR-Harris meaning

Answer 4

Slip, Above, Lower, Through, Rammed

Question 5

Common fractures 15-40 yrs

Answer 5

Scaphoid

Question 6

Common fractures 40+

Answer 6

Distal radius (mostly colles)

Question 7

Osteophyte

Answer 7

Outgrowth of bone

Question 8

Sydesmophyte

Answer 8

Calcification within ligaments of the spine

Question 9

Valgus

Answer 9

Distal portion deviated from midline

Question 10

Virus

Answer 10

Distal portion deviated towards midline

Question 11

Osteoarthritis features

Answer 11

Both articular surfaces involved, non-uniform joint space narrowing resulting in deformity, narrowing that conforms loading, subcritical sclerosis, possible osteophyte formation

Question 12

Rheumatoid arthritis features

Answer 12

Synovial swelling, uniform joint space narrowing, joint destruction, uniform erosion of the cartilage, bone loss and softening, periarticular osteopaenia,

Question 13

Monteggia fracture

Answer 13

to shaft of ulna and dislocation of radial head

Question 14

Galeazzi fracture

Answer 14

of shaft of radius and dislocation of distal radio-ulnar joint

Question 15

CRITOL and associated age

Answer 15

Capitellum 1, radial head 3, internal epicondyle 5, trochlea 7, olecranon 9, lateral epicondyle 11

Question 16

Anterior numeral line

Answer 16

Along anterior humeral cortex. 1/3 of capitellum should be visualised anterior to the line

Question 17

Radio capillar line

Answer 17

Draw a line through the neck of the radius and should pass through the capitellum. Used for AP and lateral elbow

Question 18

Anterior Gleno-humeral dislocations

Answer 18

Forced external rotation and abduction (common rugby injury). Humerus will be anterior and inferior to coracoid process

Question 19

Posterior gleno-humeral dislocations

Answer 19

Forced posterior movement and anterior lay rotated arm (electric shock or seizure). Looks more lightbulb shaped then walking stick