IoT: Pros, Cons, Challenges

Question 1

IoT 1st meaning

Answer 1

Is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines/objects that are able to transfer data over a network (internet) without requiring human intervention.

Question 2

IoT 2nd meaning

Answer 2

Is an interconnected web of sensor-enabled devices that communicate between each other and a series of intermediary collection points.

Question 3

IoT 3rd meaning

Answer 3

Is a system of capturing, transmitting, managing, and analyzing data in order to monitor events, identify relationships, predict outcomes, and improve performance

Question 4

IoT 4th meaning

Answer 4

Is a network in which CPSs cooperate with each other through unique addressing schemas

Question 5

Applications of IoT (based on popularity)

Answer 5

Smart home
Wearables
Smart city

Smart grid
Industrial internet
connected car
connected health

smart retail
smart supply chain
smart farming

Question 6

What does the IoT workflow look like?

Answer 6

1. Device connection and connectivity
2. Data sensing and collecting
3. Data transport and access
4. Data analytics
5. Data value defined by action
6. Human value, apps and experiences

Question 7

What are the applications of IoT?

Answer 7

Smart home
Smart agriculture
Smart energy
Smart mobility
Smart retail
Smart health
Smart government
Education
Open data

Question 8

What is a Smart City?

Answer 8

Is an area that uses several types of electronic data collection devices (sensors) that convert data into information to be used efficiently. This data is collected, processed, analyzed, and monitored at the same time.

Question 9

What are the components of a Smart City?

Answer 9

Smart infrastructure
Smart mobility/transportation
Smart town planning
Smart water & sanitation
Smart energy
Smart healthcare
Smart security
Smart governance
Smart building
Smart education

Question 10

What are the components of IoT?

Answer 10

1. Sensors
2. Connectivity
3. Data Processing
4. User Interface

Question 11

What are sensors?

Answer 11

Are electronic data collection devices that collect data from the surrounding environment. It is part of the front end of the IoT system.

Question 12

What are some types of sensors?

Answer 12

Motion sensor
Moisture sensor
Light sensor
Temperature sensor
Image sensor (camera)

Question 13

What is meant by connectivity?

Answer 13

The sensors are connected to the cloud to send over its collected data.

Question 14

What are the different connectivity methods?

Answer 14

1. Cellular (connect physical objects to internet, smart phones)
2. Wired/Ethernet (connect computer to internet via cables)
3. Satellite (satellite, provides great coverage of connectivity)
4. Short-range wireless (connects using radio waves, BT, Wi-Fi)
5. Low-power wide-area network (Low power consumption over high range, suited for smart home/cities)

Question 15

What is meant by data processing? Give an example to explain

Answer 15

Once the data is sent to the cloud, the software processes it. For example, it detects and ensures a suitable temperature or recognizes intruders in the house. However, no action is taken place, user interaction does it.

Question 16

What is user interface?

Answer 16

Are the visible/ tangible part of the IoT system, that is accessible by the users. The user interface can send alerts/notifications to the user or automatically does the action.

Question 17

What are the advantages of IoT?

Answer 17

1. Data collection and monitoring
2. Access to information
3. Communication (speedy operations)
4. Better time management
5. Automation and control
6. Cost-effective (saving money)

Question 18

What are the disadvantages of IoT?

Answer 18

1. Complexity of operations
2. Privacy/security
3. Safety
4. Compatibility

Question 19

What are the challenges of IoT?

Answer 19

1. Cybersecurity
2. Resource consumption (power is critical)
3. Connectivity options
4. Sensing complex environment
5. IoT is complex
6. Cloud is important but also complex

Question 20

What is IoS?

Answer 20

Internet of Services: everything that is needed to use software applications is available as a service on the internet

Question 21

What is Smart Factory?

Answer 21

A factory where CPS communicate over the IoT and assist people and machines in the execution of their tasks

Question 22

What is meant by “Calm system”?

Answer 22

Smart Factory adopts a “calm system” (background systems) where it is able to deal with both the physical world and the virtual world.

Question 23

What is Dubai IoT strategy?

Answer 23

Covers six strategic domains:
Governance
Management
Acceleration
Deployment
Monetization
Security

IoT smart tree: provides intelligent services by connecting to devices that operate with the Internet around the tree.

Question 24

Connected devices will reach how much in 2022?

Answer 24

2022: 42.6 billion devices
2025: >75 billion devices

Question 25

IoT and the future!

Answer 25

• 2018 nearly half of connected devices will be used for business
• 2018 smart home revenues reach $71 billion
• 2020 a home contains 500 smart devices
• 2020 100 million lightbulbs will be connected
• connected street lamps saves up to 80% of energy cost
• 2025 every vehicle will be connected
• Technology wearable 71% improve health and fitness
• 328 million things connect to internet each month

Question 26

What is special about Cloud in IoT?

Answer 26

Cloud structure simplifies the process of offloading storage and computing tasks from IoT devices to cloud servers; this makes the IoT cheaper, leaner, and meaner.