iot mod 1 Flashcards
What is iot?
—>Internet of Things (IoT) is the networking of physical objects that contain electronics
embedded within their architecture
—>in order to communicate and sense interactions amongst each other or with respect to the external environment.
–>enabling them to send and
receive data.
What are the Main components used in IoT:
● Low-power embedded systems
● Sensors
● Control Units.
● Cloud computing
● Availability of big data
● Networking connection
[in a simple way
Lazy
Squirrels
Carry
Crispy
Apples
Nightly]
Why do we work with IoT Devices:
● Collect and Transmit Data.
● Actuate device based on triggers produced by sensors or processing devices ● Receive Information.
● Communication Assistance
Explain Point-to-multipoint connection
In a point-to-multipoint connection, more than two hosts share the same link Point-to-multipoint connections
find popular use in wireless networks and IP telephony
What is networking
Networking refers to the linking of computers and communication devices which interconnect through a network and are separated by unique device identifiers
The data transferred between host may be text, images or videos which are typically in the_____ streams
form of binary bit
Networks are classified according which parameters
1) Type of connection,
2) Physical topology, and
3) Reach of the network
Explain Point-to-point connection
Point-to-point connections are used to establish direct connections between two hosts where the connection has the whole channel dedicated to it only
examples are remote control for an air conditioner or television
Connection types of network?
computer networks are of two types
(a) Point-to-point and
(b) Point-to-multipoint.
What is topology
the physical manner in which communication paths between the hosts are connected is called topology
Computer networks can have the following ____broad topologies name them
(a) Star or the hub
(b) Mesh,
(c) Bus, and
(d) Ring.
Explain Star topology
●In a star topology, every host has a point-to-point link to a central controller or hub
●The hosts cannot communicate with one another directly; they can only do so through the central hub.
●The hub acts as the network traffic exchange.
●For large-scale systems, the hub, essentially, has to be a powerful server to handle all the simultaneous traffic flowing through it. However, as there are fewer links (only one link per host)
● this topology is cheaper and easier to set up.
●The main advantages of the star topology are easy installation and the ease of fault identification within the network
● the main disadvantage of this topology is the danger of a single point of failure. If
the hub fails, the whole network fails.
Explain Mesh topology
●In a mesh topology, every host is connected to every other host using a dedicated link (in a point-to-point manner)
●This implies that for n hosts in a mesh, there are a total of n(n−1)/2 dedicated full duplex links between the hosts…making it expensive
●The robustness and resilience of the system. Even if a link is down or broken, the network is still fully functional as there remain other pathways for the traffic to flow through
●The security and privacy of the traffic as the data is only seen by the intended recipients and not by all members of the network
●The reduced data load on a single host, as every host in this network takes care of its traffic load
●Disadvantages are the complexity of the network making it used very selectively, such as in backbone networks.
Explain Bus topology
●A bus topology follows the point-to-multipoint connection
●A backbone cable or bus serves as
the primary traffic pathway between the hosts. The hosts are connected to the main bus employing drop lines or taps.
●The main advantage of this topology is the ease of installation
●However, there is a restriction on the length of the bus and the number of hosts that can be simultaneously connected to the bus due to signal loss over the extended bus.
●Multiple drop lines and taps can be used to connect various hosts to the bus, making installation very easy and cheap
●the main drawback of this topology
is the difficulty in fault localization within the network
Explain Ring Topology
●A ring topology works on the principle of a point-to-point connection
●each host is configured to have a dedicated point-to-point connection with its two immediate neighboring hosts on either side of it through repeaters at each host
●The repetition of this system forms a
ring
●The repeaters at each host capture the incoming signal intended for other hosts,
regenerates the bit stream, and passes it onto the next repeater
●advantage of ring topology is that Fault identification and set up of the ring topology is quite simple and straightforward
●the main disadvantage of this system is the high probability of a single point of failure. If even one repeater fails, the whole network goes down
