IOT, Edge Computing, Cybersecurity and Privacy

Question 1

refers to a network of
interconnected devices that communicate and exchange
data over the internet.

Answer 1

Internet of Things (IoT)

Question 2

data is sent to remote servers (data
centers) for processing.

Answer 2

cloud computing

Question 3

processes data locally, either on the device itself or on
a nearby edge server, reducing the need to send data to the cloud.

Answer 3

Edge computing

Question 4

focuses on safeguarding networks,
devices, and data from malicious attacks, unauthorized
access, and other vulnerabilities.

Answer 4

Cybersecurity

Question 5

ensures that
individuals’ personal data is protected and not misused.

Answer 5

Privacy

Question 6

Devices that collect data from the physical
environment (e.g., temperature, humidity, motion sensors).

Answer 6

Sensors and Actuators

Question 7

Communication protocols like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, or
5G that connect devices to networks or the internet.

Answer 7

Connectivity

Question 8

Devices send data to centralized systems or the cloud
for analysis.

Answer 8

Data Processing

Question 9

Software applications that allow users to interact with IoT
systems and make decisions.

Answer 9

User Interfaces

Question 10

IoT enables devices like thermostats, lighting, security cameras, and
appliances to be interconnected, making homes more energy-efficient and secure.

Answer 10

Smart Homes

Question 11

IoT facilitates remote patient monitoring through wearables that
track vital signs and send alerts in real-time to healthcare providers.

Answer 11

Healthcare

Question 12

Factories and industries use sensors to monitor equipment performance,
predict maintenance needs, and optimize production, leading to increased efficiency and
reduced downtime.

Answer 12

Industrial IoT (IIoT)

Question 13

IoT contributes to the development of smart cities by connecting traffic lights,
waste management systems, and public utilities, resulting in optimized resource use and
better public services.

Answer 13

Smart Cities

Question 14

In autonomous vehicles, edge computing is
crucial for processing sensor data in real-time to make immediate driving
decisions, such as obstacle detection and route planning.

Answer 14

Real-Time Decision Making

Question 15

Smart manufacturing systems use edge computing to

instantly detect machine malfunctions and adjust production lines in real-
time, minimizing downtime.

Answer 15

Reduced Latency

Question 16

Edge computing reduces the amount of data sent
to cloud servers, which is particularly important for IoT devices that
generate massive amounts of data, such as security cameras, drones, and
smart meters.

Answer 16

Bandwidth Optimization

Question 17

Malicious software like viruses, worms, ransomware, and spyware
that damage systems or steal information.

Answer 17

Malware

Question 18

Fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information (e.g.,
passwords, credit card numbers) by disguising as trustworthy entities via
email or websites.

Answer 18

Phishing

Question 19

Attacks that flood a network with traffic,
overwhelming it and causing a shutdown of services.

Answer 19

Denial of Service (DoS/DDoS)

Question 20

Interception of communication between two
parties to eavesdrop or alter information being exchanged.

Answer 20

Man-in-the-Middle (MITM)

Question 21

Data is encrypted both at rest and in transit to protect it from unauthorized
access. Modern encryption protocols, such as AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), ensure
that sensitive information like financial records and healthcare data remains secure.

Answer 21

Encryption

Question 22

adds an extra layer of security beyond just
passwords, requiring users to verify their identity through additional means (e.g., biometrics,
SMS codes).

Answer 22

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

Question 23

monitor incoming and outgoing network traffic and block potentially
harmful data packets. They are a fundamental line of defense in preventing unauthorized
access to systems.

Answer 23

Firewalls

Question 24

In this approach, no user or device is automatically trusted, whether
inside or outside the organization. Access is granted based on strict verification, reducing the
risk of insider threats or compromised accounts.

Answer 24

Zero Trust Architecture

Question 25

Companies often collect vast amounts of user data, which
can include personal details, location information, and online activity. This
raises concerns about how data is used and shared.

Answer 25

Data Collection

Question 26

Third-party sharing of user data without consent is a significant
privacy issue, particularly in industries like advertising, where personal
information is sold for targeted marketing.

Answer 26

Data Sharing

Question 27

Unauthorized access to sensitive data can result in identity
theft, financial fraud, and other serious consequences for individuals.

Answer 27

Data Breaches

Question 28

Only collecting the data that is necessary for a specific purpose,
reducing the risk of exposure and misuse.

Answer 28

Data Minimization

Question 29

Techniques such as data anonymization remove or mask
personally identifiable information (PII) so that individuals cannot be traced back
through the data.

Answer 29

Anonymization

Question 30

Legislation like the GDPR (General Data Protection
Regulation) in the EU and CCPA (California Consumer Privacy Act) in the US sets
strict guidelines for how organizations can collect, process, and store user data,
ensuring that individuals’ privacy rights are respected.

Answer 30

Compliance with Regulations

Question 31

Implementing transparent mechanisms for user consent, giving
individuals control over their data and how it is used.

Answer 31

User Consent

Question 32

Ensuring that data is encrypted at the edge
before it is transmitted to other devices or the cloud.

Answer 32

Encryption at the Edge

Question 33

Ensuring that only authorized devices can connect to
the IoT network to prevent spoofing or unauthorized access.

Answer 33

Authentication

Question 34

Edge computing can enable faster
detection and mitigation of cyberattacks on IoT devices, as
processing happens locally, reducing latency.

Answer 34

Real-Time Threat Detection