IOSH

Question 1

Managing Safely

Answer 1

Moral
Legal
Financial

Managers as duty holders have responsibility and accountability for the health & safety standards

Question 2

Assessing Risk

Answer 2

Hazard - something with the potential to cause harm

Hazardous Event - when someone or something interacts with the hazard and allows it to do harm

Risk - the likelihood of the hazardous event occurring in combination with the consequence of that event

Risk Assessment - the simple process of identifying hazards, evaluating risks and identifying controls to avoid or minimise those risks

Question 3

5 Steps of Risk Assessment

Answer 3

Identify the hazards

Estimate the risks

Evaluate the risk

Record the Assessment

Review the Assessment

Question 4

Controlling Risk

Answer 4

Identify Residual Risk

Risk Control Hierarchy -

   Eliminate the hazard
   Reduce the hazard
   Prevent people coming into 
         contact with the hazard 
   Safe systems of work
   PPE personal protection equipment

Question 5

Reasonably Practicable

Answer 5

This means that if the cost

• time
• effort
• money
• inconvenience

Outweighs the benefit of the risk reduction, then it’s not reasonably practicable to use that risk control

Question 6

Understanding Responsibilities

Expected to be able to identity and manage reasonably foreseeable risks

Answer 6

Common Knowledge

Industry Knowledge

Expect Knowledge

Question 7

Criminal Law

Answer 7

Criminal Law is concerned with the punishment of breaches of statue Law by state in forms of fines and/or imprisonment

Question 8

Civil Law

Answer 8

Civil Law is concerned with compensation for the victims of the accident that were caused by someone else’s negligence

Question 9

3 Proofs or tests for negligence

Answer 9

Duty of care owed

Duty of care breached

Loss as a direct result of the breach

Question 10

Civil Law principle of Contributory Negligence

Where the compensation paid to the claimant is reduced because they are partly to blame for their own injuries

Answer 10

Usually, the legal action must start within 3 years of the accident or when a person found that the injury was the fault of the employer

The claimant must show:

• That the defendant owed the person a duty of care
• That the duty of care was breached
• The the injury was caused by a breach of the duty

Question 11

Vicarious Libility

Answer 11

Where the employer is held to be liable for the negligent acts of their employees which cause harm to others

Question 12

Employers in the U.K. have a legal duty under the

Answer 12

Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 (HASWA)

Question 13

Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (as amended)

Answer 13

Under the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations:

Additional general requirements are placed on employees to carry out assessments of reasonable foreseeable risks and implement risk controls so far as reasonably practicable.

Question 14

2 difference types of Enforcement Notices can be used to enforce health and safety law

Answer 14

Improvement notices - that require the employer to make an improvement to a deadline

Prohibition notices, that require the employer to stop a particular high-risk activity

Question 15

Key parts of health and safety management system (HSMS)

health and safety must be managed systematically using some form of safety management system based on the Plan, Do, Check, Act management cycle

Answer 15

Plan - Policy, Planning
Do - Risk profiling,
         Implement plan
Act - Review performance, Learn 
          lessons
Check - Collect date, Measure 
               performance

Question 16

Understanding Hazards

Common Hazards - what are common Hazards

What can you do about common Hazards -

Answer 16

Hazards generally fall into six broad groups:

Mechanical
Physical
Chemical
Biological 
Environmental
Organisation

Question 17

Risk = Likelihood x Consequences

To reduce risk, you need to look at?

Answer 17

Reducing the likelihood of the hazardous event happening

Reducing the consequences of the hazardous event

Reducing both factors

Question 18

Burden of Proof

Answer 18

Burden of Proof is an obligation to prove what is alleged

Question 19

Duty of Care

Answer 19

Duty of Care is the legal requirement that employers must do everything reasonably practicable to protect others from harm

Question 20

UK 2 main sources of law:

Answer 20

UK 2 main sources of law:

Statue
Common

Question 21

2 types of law:

Answer 21

2 types of law:

Criminal
Civil

Question 22

What is Statutory Law

What is Common Law

Answer 22

What is Statutory Law

What is Common Law

Statutory law is Criminal law

Common law is Civil law

Question 23

Controlling Risk

List the 5 Hierarchy

Answer 23

The 5 Hierarchy is:

1, Eliminate the hazard
2, Reduce the hazard
3, Prevent people coming into contact
    with the hazard
4, Introduce Safe systems of work 
5, Provide PPE

Question 24

5 Steps of a Risk Assessment

Answer 24

The 5 Steps of a Risk Assessment:

Step 1, Identify the hazards

Step 2, Estimate the risk

Step 3, Evaluate the risk

Step 4, Record your findings

Step 5, Review your findings