Ions/Isotopes and Periodic Trends Vocab Flashcards
Ion
An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge.
Carbon Group
group 14 ; made of one nonmetal; two metalloids; and two metals; four electrons in the outer energy level; solid at room temperature
Nitrogen Group
group 15 ; made of two nonmetals, two metalloids; and one metal; solid at room temperature
Oxygen Group
group 16; contains three nonmetals; one metalloid; one metal; there are 6 electrons in its outer energy level ; reactive; all but oxygen are solid at room temperature
Allotropes
two or more different molecular forms of the same element in the same physical state
Isotope
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
periodic table
A chart of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties
period
A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table
Group
Vertical column in the periodic table
Metals
Elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat.
Nonmetals
Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electric current
Metalloids
Elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
alkali metals
Group 1, 1 electron in outer level, very reactive, soft, silver, shiny, low density; Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium
alkaline earth metals
metallic elements in group 2 of the periodic table which are harder than the alkali metals and are also less reactive
transition metals
Groups 3-12, 1-2 electrons in the outer energy level, less reactive than alkali-earth metals, shiny, good conductor of thermal energy and electrical current, high density
