Ions and octet rule

Question 1

octet rule

Answer 1

• most elements are more stable with full valence shells
• Often means 8 electrons

Question 2

Isoelectronic

Answer 2

• ions containing the same number of electrons: protons and neutrons are different
• Atoms lose/gain electrons to be isoelectronic with a noble gas

Question 3

standard atomic notation

Answer 3

represents the atomic mass and atomic number of an element (higher number always on the top)

Question 4

multivalent metals

Answer 4

• form more than one ion
• classical naming system used suffix “ic” for higher valence and “ous” for lower valance

Question 5

polyatomic ions

Answer 5

• an ion with more than one atom
• names often end with “ate” or “ite”

Question 6

to achieve a stable octet, atoms can:

Answer 6

• share electrons with other atoms (covalent bond)
  OR
• Lose or gain electrons to form ions

Question 7

types of ions

Answer 7

• cation
• anion

Question 8

cation

Answer 8

• positive
• loss of electrons
• overall charge = +ve

Question 9

anion

Answer 9

• negative
• gain of electrons
• overall charge = -ve

Question 10

ions in your body

Answer 10

Ca2+: bones/ teeth
I-: regulates metabolism