Ions and Ionic Compounds Flashcards
What is valency?
Valency is the amount of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
What is the octet rule?
The octet rule states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of 8 valence electrons.
What is the charge of an electron, a proton and a neutron?
Negative, positive and neutral/none.
What causes atoms to have a charge?
When an atom forms a covalent bond, it will either gain or lose electrons in order to complete its outer shell. If it gains electrons, it has a negative charge. If it loses electrons, it has a positive charge.
What is AMU and how are an atom’s neutrons calculated?
AMU = Atomic Mass Unit(s)
Atomic number - Atomic mass = Number of neutrons
What is in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus of an atom.
Number of protons + Number of neutrons = Atomic number
How do you calculate chemical bonds?
Use the swap and drop rule - for example if you have chemical A with a charge of 4 and chemical B with a charge of 3, then your chemical bond would be A subscript 3 B subscript 4.
What are the prefixes for the numbers 1-8?
Mono, Di, Tri, Tetra, Penta, Hexa, Hepta, Octa
What are the names of the Diatomic molecules?
HOFBrINCl
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Bromine, Iodine, Nitrogen, Chlorine
Bond, ____ bond. Electrons ____, not ____
Bond, Ionic bond. Electrons taken, not shared.
What is a reactant and what is a product?
A reactant is found on the left hand side of a chemical equation.
A product is found on the right hand side of a chemical equation.
What is a group and what is a period?
A group is a vertical column and a period is a horizontal row.
What element always has an oxidation number of +1 and can be found in both the cation and anion position?
Hydrogen
If an atom has 4 protons, what will be its atomic number?
What is the rule for this?
Its atomic number will be 4.
Only the protons have weight and only they will be counted.
