Ionic Bonding - Topic 1 Flashcards
What are the two types of cmpounds?
- Ionic Compounds
- Covalent Compounds
What do metals do to obtain full outer shells and what do non-metals do to obtain all outer shells?
- in general metals lose electrons to obtain a full outer shell of electrons like a noble gas (cations)
- non-metals gain electrons to get a full outer shell (anions)
What type of ions do metals form and what type of ions do non-metals form?
- in general, metals form positive ions - cations
- non-metals form negative ions - anions
How are ionic bonds formed?
ionic compounds are formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms to produce full outer shells (cations and anions)
Ion:
- an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge
- An ion is a charged particle
What ending does a compound with oxygen in have?
the ending -ate means there is oxygen present in the compound
What ending does a compound with just two elements have?
the ending -ide means it is a compound
How are ionic compounds structured?
- positive and negative ions (oppositely charged ions) are held tightly/close together by electrostatic forces of attraction in a giant lattice structure between oppositely charged ions - these forces are called ionic bonds
- consists of a regular arrangement of ions
What is ionic bonding?
the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
Diagram showing an example of ionic bonding when sodium bonds to chlorine:
Diagram showing an example of ionic bonding between magnesium and oxygen:
Anion:
- a negatively charged ion
- forms when an atom gains at least one electron
Cation:
- positively charged ion
- formed when an ion gains at least one electron
Ionic compound:
Chemical compound formed between oppositely charged ions held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction
