Ionic Bonding Flashcards
What is an ion?
An atom with a positive or negative charge (caused by unequal number of protons and electrons)
How are ionic bonds formed?
an electron is transferred from one atom to another. The ions are held together by electrostatic forces
What is a cation?
A positive ion
Are cations formed by loss or gain of electrons?
loss
Which types of element form cations?
Metals
What is an anion?
A negative ion
Are anions formed by loss or gain of electrons?
gain
Which types of element form anions?
non-metals
What is the charge on ions from group 1?
+ (1 electron lost)
What is the charge on ions from group 2?
2+ (2 electrons lost)
What is the charge on ions from group 3?
3+ (3 electrons lost)
What is the charge on ions from group 5?
3- (3 electrons gained)
What is the charge on ions from group 6?
2- (2 electrons gained)
What is the charge on ions from group 7?
- (1 electron gained)
Do ionic compounds have high or low boiling and melting points?
high
Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
There are strong electrostatic forces between ions
Do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
yes as liquids or in solutions
Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity as liquids or in solution?
Because the ions are free to move and carry a charge
Why don’t ionic compounds conduct electricity as solids?
Because the ions are in fixed positions so cannot move to carry charges
Are ionic compounds soluble or insoluble?
Usually soluble
Which types of element form ionic bonds?
A metal with a non-metal
