Ionic bonding

Question 1

Why do atoms take part in chemical reactions?

Answer 1

To achieve a full outer shell of electrons

Question 2

How do atoms achieve a full outer shell?

Answer 2

LOSING, GAINING OR SHARING ELECTRONS

Question 3

how is an ion formed?

Answer 3

If an atom gains or loses electrons so that the number of protons and electrons are no longer equal an ION is formed and the atom is no longer neutral and has a charge.

Question 4

How does an ion become positive and what do you call it?

Answer 4

By losing electrons, a cation

Question 5

How does an ion become negative and what do you call it?

Answer 5

Gaining electrons, anion

Question 6

In which groups are the ions of the elements positive and negative?

Answer 6

Positive - group 1,2,3 metals
Negative - group 5,6,7 non metals

Question 7

Definition of an IONIC bond

Answer 7

ELECTROSTATIC FORCES OF ATTRACTION between a POSITIVE CATION and a NEGATIVE ANION (two oppositely charged ions)

Question 8

Do ionic compounds have a charge and why?

Answer 8

No they are neutral as the charges cancel out, ratio is equal

Question 9

List the ions with irregular charges

Answer 9

Silver - Ag+
Zinc - Zn2+
Lead - Pb2+
Iron (II) - Fe2+
Iron (III) - Fe3+
Copper (II) - Cu2+

Question 10

What is a polyatomic ion?

Answer 10

A group of ions, group of atoms with a charge - non metals are bonded by covalent bonds

Question 11

List the polyatomic ions

Answer 11

Hydroxide OH -
Carbonate CO3 2-
Nitrate NO3 -
Ammonium NH4 -
Sulfate SO4 2-

Question 12

Explain the structure of IONIC compounds

Answer 12

Giant structure of ions
Repeating arrangement called a GIANT LATTICE
This is formed bc the oppositely charged ions attract together forming a regular arrangement of the opposite charges side by side.