Ionic Bonding Flashcards
Describe a chemical test to show that a substance contains ammonium ions
- add sodium hydroxide solution and warm
- test ammonia with damp red litmus paper
- litmus paper turns blue
Describe a chemical test to show that a substance contains chloride ions.
- Add silver nitrate solution
- Add Dilute nitric acid
- White precipitate formed
What does the diagram show about the speed of the ammonia molecules compared to the speed of the hydrogen chloride molecules?
Ammonia’s molecules diffuse quicker
What are ions?
Atoms that have lost or gained electron/electrons.
What’s a cation?
a positive ion
What’s an anion?
A negative ion
Why do compounds have no overall charge?
compounds have no overall charge as charges of ions cancel out
How are ionic compounds formed?
ionic compounds are formed when a metal and nonmetal
react
How are ionic bonds formed?
Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons from
the outer shell of the metal to the outer shell of the
nonmetal.
What is meant by the term ionic bonding?
The electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions.
Why do giant ionic lattice structures have high m.pt/b.pts?
- Strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions and requires lots of energy to overcome these forces of attraction
Why do Ionic compounds not conduct electricity when solid, but do when in molten or aqueous solution?
- the ions are fixed in position as a solid
- When in aqueous solution/molten the ions are free to move carrying charge.
