Ion ID's Flashcards
Carbonate CO3 2-
Add dilute HCL to the solid, or mix with solution, and bubbles of CO2 gas are given off. If gas is bubbled into limewater it turns milky
Chloride Cl-
Add drops of HNO3 and then add drops of aqueous AgNO3. A white precipitate of silver chloride is formed
Iodine I-
Add HNO3 and then aqueous AgNO3. Pale yellow precipitate of silver iodide is formed.
Nitrate NO3-
Boil with aliminium and sodium hydroxide solution. Pungent smelling ammonia gas is formed. Tested with damp red litmus paper turning blue
Sulfate SO4-
Add drops of nitric acid then barium nitrate solution. White precipitate of barium sulfate is formed.
Ammonia NH3
Damp red litmus paper turns blue
Carbon Dioxide CO2
Gas is produced. When bubbled into limewater turns
Chlorine Cl2
Damp blue litmus paper is reddened and then bleached
Hydrogen H2
Lighted splint is brought up to the tube. If hydrogen present then there should be a pop or a squeak
Oxygen O2
A glowing splint is relighted
Sulfur Dioxide SO2
Aqueous potassium manganate (VII) from purple to colourless
Aluminium Al 3+
Add aqueous NaOH dropwise. White precipitate is formed which dissolves in excess. Also add to aqueous ammonia in a separate sample. White precipitate is formed which does not dissolve in excess.
Ammonium NH4+
Add aqueous sodium hydroxide. Pungent ammonia gas turns damp red litmus paper blue.
Calcium Ca 2+
Add concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide. Thin white precipitate of CaOh is formed.
Copper Cu 2+
Add aqueous sodium hydroxide. Pale blue gelatinous precipitate is formed. If added to aqueous ammonia, pale blue forms initailly but transitions to a deep blue colourd solution.
Iron Fe 2+
Add aqueous NaOH. A pale green gelatinous precipitate is formed. It is the same in aqueous ammonia.
Iron Fe 3+
Add aqueous NaOH. Red-Brown gelatinous is formed. Same in aqueous ammonia.
Zinc Zn 2+
Add aqueous NaOH. A white precipitate is formed. With excess reagent a colourless solution is formed. With aqueous ammonia only a white precipitate is formed.
Chromium Cr 3+
Add NaOH. Green precipitate is formed which is soluble in excess NaOH and forms a dark green solution
Alternatively NH3 can be added. Grey-Green precipitate is formed which is insoluble in excess solution.
What is the flame test colour for Barium?
Pale Green
What is the flame test colour for Calcium?
Red-Yellow
What is the flame test colour for Copper?
Blue-Green
What is the flame test colour for Lithium?
Red
What is the flame test colour for Sodium?
Orange
What is the flame test colour for Potassium?
Lilac
