Iodine Deficiency Goitre Flashcards
What is iodine deficiency goitre?
It is an enlargement of the thyroid gland due to insufficient iodine intake, impairing thyroid hormone production.
Why does the thyroid enlarge in iodine deficiency?
To compensate for low thyroid hormone levels by increasing TSH stimulation, which causes thyroid hypertrophy and hyperplasia.
What is the key hormone that rises due to iodine deficiency?
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary.
How does iodine deficiency affect T3 and T4 levels?
It leads to reduced synthesis of both T3 and T4 due to lack of iodine substrate.
What are common symptoms of iodine deficiency goitre?
Neck swelling, fatigue, cold intolerance, weight gain, and slowed growth in children.
What is the impact of iodine deficiency during pregnancy?
It can cause cretinism in the baby—characterized by mental retardation and growth retardation.
What is the term for brain damage and developmental delay from severe iodine deficiency in utero?
Cretinism.
