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Pharmaceutical Chem > Iodine > Flashcards

Iodine Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 2 roles of iodine?

A
  • important in the formation of thyroid hormones
  • pharmacological action ( as an expectorant, bactericidal agaent)
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2
Q

what is hypothyroidism?

A

deficiency of thyroid hormones

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3
Q

what is hyperthyroidism?

A

there is an excess secretion of thyroid hormones

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4
Q

what is the carrier prot that transports iodide to the lumen

A

pendrin

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5
Q

describe iodine

A
  • heavy, black granules w a penetrating odor
  • slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol, freely soluble in chlorophoam
  • contains 99.5% - 100.5% iodine
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6
Q

describe preparation for iodine

A
  • extracting kelp w water and sol is conc.
  • the sulphate and chloride of Na and K is crystallized leaving the Na and K residues in mother liquor
  • H2SO4 is added and sulphur is liberated
  • mother liquor is decanted, MnO2 is added and iodine is distilled
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7
Q

what is the assay for iodine?

A

idiometric titration, endpt is colourless

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8
Q

what is the toxicity of iodine?

A
  • too much iodine leads to corrosive effect of GIT causing abdominal pain, diarrhea
  • can be treated w soluble starch
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9
Q

uses of iodine?

A

bactericidal, fungicidal

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10
Q

what are sources of iodine?

A

potassium iodide, potassium iodide solution, sodium iodide, strong iodine sol, iodine sol and iodine tincture, povidone

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11
Q

describe potassium iodide

A
  • hexahedral, transparent, opaque granules
  • it is hydroscopic
  • soluble in water, glycerin, alcohol
  • used to treat hypothyroidism, expectorant, antifungal agent
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12
Q

describe potassium iodide solution

A
  • contains 100g KI in each 100ml
  • clear, odourless, w salty taste
  • sol is neutral/alkaline to litmus
  • use is same as potassium iodide
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13
Q

describe sodium iodide

A
  • colourless, odorless granules
  • soluble in water, glycerin, alcohol
  • develops brown tint upon decomposition
  • treats hypothyroidism
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14
Q

describe strong iodine solution

A
  • contains 5g I and 10g KI
  • transparent liq w deep brown colour
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15
Q

describe iodine sol and iodine tincture

A
  • both contains same ingred
    iodine sol - purified water is solvent
    iodine tincture - 50% alcohol is solvent
  • used as antiseptic and disinfectant
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16
Q

describe povidone

A
  • a complex of iodine w povidone
  • povidone is a polymer called polyvinyl pyrrolidine
  • sol is transparent, reddish brown having a ph of >6
  • used as antiseptic and disinfectant
    used as gargles and mouth washes
17
Q

link bet iodine and Covid 19?

A

in recent studies it was shown that iodine sol helps deactivate the virus that causes covid

Pharmaceutical Chem (5 decks)

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