Involuntary Movement Flashcards
Dyskinesia
Involuntary Movement
What causes dyskinesia?
Structural or biochemical nervous system lesion
Physiological tremor
shaking in fingers due to agonist & antagonist actions
Myoclonic Jerk
may involve whole body or just a large muscle group. Usually normal occurrences
Benign Fasiculations
Twitches within muscles often after exercise. Not pathological
Hypokinesia
decreased movement. Seen in depression or Parkinsons
Hyperkinesia
increased movement. Exacerbated by emotional stress and decreased with response
Emotional Tremor
rapid tremor, low amplitude, worsens with volitional movement
Familial Tremor
hereditary tremor. Usually affects hands
Senile Tremor
associated with aging
Parkinsonian Tremor
“pill-rolling” at rest. Disappears or dampens with volitional movement (basal ganglion lesion)
Intention Tremor
worsens with refined volitional movement (Cerebellar pathology)
Postral tremor
occurs during maintenance of an intentional posture, disappears with movement
Nontremorus Hyperkinesia or Chorea
random, quick movement stimulating normal fragments or normal movements
Athetosis
Slow, writhing movements of fingers and extremities. Associated with pyramidal tract signs
Dystonia
slow, alternating contraction and relaxation of agonists and antagonists. one movement predominating for a long time caused fixed joint contractures
Hemiballismus
violent, flinging movement of half the body
Tics
Quick, repetitive movements of face, tongue or extremities, associated with emotional stress
Akathisia
Motor unrest manifested as continual shifting of posture and/or movement– parkinsons or psychotropic medication use
Epilepsy
tonic or clonic spams of all or part of the body
Tardive dyskinesia
involuntary movements of face, mouth, tongue and limbs. Occurs afters months of neuroleptic agent use.
Awkwardness of involuntary movement: resting tremor, chorea, athetosis, hemiballismus
Basal ganglia lesion
Awkwardness of movement: intention tremor
cerebellar lesion
