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Science > Investigations in Earth and Space Science Semester A 2014 Examination > Flashcards

Investigations in Earth and Space Science Semester A 2014 Examination Flashcards

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1
Q

Balance (Skills and Processes)

A

To bring into equilibrium.

Skills and Processes

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2
Q

Conclusion (Skills and Processes)

A

The act of ending something.

Skills and Processes

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3
Q

Data Analysis (Skills and Processes)

A

The process of compiling, analyzing, and interpreting the results of primary and secondary data collection.
(Skills and Processes)

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4
Q

Dependent Variable ( Skills and Processes)

A

The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.
(Skills and Processes)

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4
Q

Density (Skills and Processes)

A

The amount of matter in a given space.

Skills and Processes

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5
Q

Graduated Cylinder (Skills and Processes)

A

Instrument used to measure volume of a liquid.

Skills and Processes

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6
Q

Hypothesis (Skills and Processes)

A

A message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence.
(Skills and Processes)

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7
Q

Independent Variable (Skills and Processes)

A

The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
(Skills and Processes)

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8
Q

Pattern (Skills and Processes)

A

A plan, diagram, or model to be followed when making things.

Skills and Processes

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9
Q

Pi Graph (Skills and Processes)

A

Divided into sectors that illustrate proportion.

Skills and Processes

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10
Q

Prediction (Skills and Processes)

A

A statement made about the future.

Skills and Processes

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11
Q

Procedure (Skills and Processes)

A

A process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work.
(Skills and Processes)

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12
Q

Range (Skills and Processes)

A

The limits of the values a function can take.

Skills and Processes

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13
Q

Ratio (Skills and Processes)

A

The relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient).
(Skills and Processes)

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14
Q

Sample Size (Skills and Processes)

A

The number of subjects used in an experiment or study.

Skills and Processes

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15
Q

Scientific Model (Skills and Processes)

A

A representation of an object or event that can be studied to understand the real object or event.
(Skills and Processes)

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16
Q

Scientific Notation (Skills and Processes)

A

A method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a decimal number between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10.
(Skills and Processes)

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17
Q

Trend (Skills and Processes)

A

The general direction in which something tends to move.

Skills and Processes

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18
Q

Absorption (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The process when one thing becomes part of another thing, or the process of something soaking, either literally or figuratively.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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19
Q

Albedo (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The fraction of solar energy (shortwave radiation) reflected from the Earth back into space.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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19
Q

Air Pressure (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The force exerted by air, whether compressed or unconfined, on any surface in contact with it.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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20
Q

Angle of Incoming (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

An angle measured between an incoming light ray and a line drawn perpendicular to the surface of an object.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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21
Q

Atmosphere (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body, especially the one surrounding the earth, and retained by the celestial body’s gravitational field.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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22
Q

Biosphere (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The part of the earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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23
Q

Bottom Current (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The movement of water along the bottom of reservoirs or rivers.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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24
Q

Circulation (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

Free movement or passage. (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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25
Q

Cloud Coverage (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The fraction of the sky obscured by clouds when observed from a particular location.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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26
Q

Conduction (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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27
Q

Convection (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

Heat transfer in a gas or liquid by the circulation of currents from one region to another.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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28
Q

Coriolis Effect (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The deflection of a body in motion with respect to the earth as seen by an observer on the earth, attributed to a hypothetical force but actually caused by the earth’s rotation.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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29
Q

Currents (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

Streams of cool or warm water that continuously churn the oceans and affect climate over vast geographical zones.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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30
Q

Density Driven (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

A flow of water maintained by gravity through a large body of water, such as a reservoir or lake, and retaining its unmixed identity because of a difference in density.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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31
Q

El Niño (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

A warming of the eastern tropical Pacific occurring every few years, which alters the weather pattern of the tropics.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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32
Q

Energy Budget (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

A balance sheet of energy income against expenditure.

Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy

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33
Q

Energy Transfer (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The transfer of energy of a given form among different scales of motion.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

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34
Q

Equator (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

An imaginary line drawn on the Earth and spaced equally between the North and South Pole.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

35
Q

Equinox (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

the time when the sun crosses the plane of the earth’s equator, making night and day of approximately equal length all over the earth and occurring about March 21.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

36
Q

Heat Transfer (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The transition of thermal energy or simply heat from a hotter object to a cooler object.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

37
Q

High Pressure (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

Having, using, involving, or designed to withstand a pressure above normal pressure.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

38
Q

Hydrosphere (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The water on or surrounding the surface of the globe, including the water of the oceans and the water in the atmosphere.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

39
Q

Infrared (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The part of the invisible spectrum that is contiguous to the red end of the visible spectrum.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

40
Q

La Niña (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

A cooling of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America, occurring periodically every 4 to 12 years and affecting Pacific and other weather patterns.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

41
Q

Latitude (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The measurement of a part of the Earth in relation to the north or south of the Earth’s equator.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

42
Q

Low Pressure (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

Having, using, involving, or designed to withstand a pressure below normal pressure.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

43
Q

Monsoon (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

A seasonal, intense wind that blows from the southwest from April to October and from the northeast at other time of the year in parts of Asia, creating heavy rainstorms.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

44
Q

Northern Hemisphere (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The half of the Earth between the North Pole and the equator. (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

45
Q

Prevailing Winds (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

A wind that blows predominantly from a single general direction.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

46
Q

Radiation (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic waves.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

47
Q

Reflection (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

48
Q

Revolution (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The movement of one object around a center or another object.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

49
Q

Rotation (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The process or act of turning or circling around something.

Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy

50
Q

Seasons (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The shift in the angle at which the Sun’s rays strike the Earth.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

51
Q

Solar Radiation (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The electromagnetic radiation and particles emitted by the sun.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

52
Q

Solstice (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The definition of solstice is the time when the sun reaches its highest or lowest point at noon, resulting in the shortest and longest days of the year.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

53
Q

Southern Hemisphere (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The half of the Earth between the South Pole and the equator. (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

54
Q

Surface Current (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

Horizontal movement of water in depths of less than 1300 ft.

Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy

55
Q

Water Cycle (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

The way that water moves between being water vapor to liquid water and then back to water vapor.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

56
Q

Wind Driven Currents (Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

A

A current produced in a body of water by blowing over the water surface.
(Fluid Circulation and Solar Energy)

57
Q

Astronomical Unit (Astronomy)

A

A unit of measurement equal to 149.6 million kilometers, the mean distance from the center of the earth to the center of the sun.
(Astronomy)

58
Q

Aurora (Astronomy)

A

A glow in a planet’s ionosphere caused by the interaction between the planet’s magnetic field and charged particles from the Sun.
(Astronomy)

59
Q

Big Bang (Astronomy)

A

The cosmic explosion that marked the origin of the universe.

Astronomy

60
Q

Black Hole (Astronomy)

A

An object in space so dense that its escape velocity exceeds the speed of light.
(Astronomy)

61
Q

Coronal Mass Ejection (Astronomy)

A

A large-scale solar event involving an ejection of hot plasma that may accelerate charged particles and travel as far as the Earth’s orbit, preceded by a shock front that may create a magnetic storm on Earth.
(Astronomy)

62
Q

Degrees Kelvin (Astronomy)

A

A unit of measurement for temperature.

Astronomy

63
Q

Eclipse (Astronomy)

A

The partial or complete obscuring, relative to a designated observer, of one celestial body by another.
(Astronomy)

64
Q

Elliptical Orbit (Astronomy)

A

An oval-shaped path of a celestial body.

Astronomy

65
Q

Giant Star (Astronomy)

A 
Any of a class of highly luminous, exceptionally massive stars.
(Astronomy)
66
Q

Kepler’s Laws (Astronomy)

A

Three empirical laws of planetary motion stated by Johannes Kepler.
(Astronomy)

67
Q

Lunar Eclipse (Astronomy)

A

The obscuration of the light of the moon by the intervention of the earth between it and the sun.
(Astronomy)

68
Q

Main Sequence Star (Astronomy)

A

A major grouping of stars that forms a relatively narrow band from the upper left to the lower right when plotted according to luminosity and surface temperature on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
(Astronomy)

69
Q

Nebula (Astronomy)

A

A diffuse mass of interstellar dust or gas or both, visible as luminous patches or areas of darkness depending on the way the mass absorbs or reflects incident radiation.
(Astronomy)

70
Q

Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation (Astronomy)

A

Every point mass in the universe attracts every other point mass with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
(Astronomy)

71
Q

Nuclear Fusion (Astronomy)

A

A process in which several small nuclei combine to make a larger one whose mass is slightly smaller than the sum of the small ones.
(Astronomy)

72
Q

Planetary Probe (Astronomy)

A

A scientific space exploration mission in which a spacecraft leaves Earth and explores space.
(Astronomy)

73
Q

Protostar (Astronomy)

A

A contracting mass of gas that represents an early stage in the formation of a star, before nucleosynthesis has begun.
(Astronomy)

74
Q

Radio Telescope (Astronomy)

A

An instrument used to detect radio emissions from the sky, whether from natural celestial objects or from artificial satellites.
(Astronomy)

75
Q

Revolution (Astronomy)

A

The movement of one object around a center or another object.
(Astronomy)

76
Q

Rotation (Astronomy)

A

The process or act of something turning.

Astronomy

77
Q

Satellite Based (Astronomy)

A

A celestial body that orbits a planet.

Astronomy

78
Q

Solar Eclipse (Astronomy)

A

The obscuring of the light of the sun by the intervention of the moon between it and a point on the earth.
(Astronomy)

79
Q

Solar Flare (Astronomy)

A

A sudden eruption of magnetic energy released on or near the surface of the sun, usually associated with sunspots and accompanied by bursts of electromagnetic radiation and particles.
(Astronomy)

80
Q

Spectrometer (Astronomy)

A

An instrument that measures the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation.
(Astronomy)

81
Q

Star Cycle (Astronomy)

A

The sequence of changes that occurs in a star as it ages.

Astronomy

82
Q

Sunspots (Astronomy)

A

Relatively cool dark spots appearing periodically in groups on the surface of the sun.
(Astronomy)

83
Q

Supernova (Astronomy)

A

A rare celestial phenomenon involving the explosion of most of the material in a star, resulting in an extremely bright, short-lived object that emits vast amounts of energy.
(Astronomy)

84
Q

Telescope (Astronomy)

A

An optical instrument that makes far away objects look closer by using a special arrangement of lenses and mirrors. (Astronomy)

85
Q

Tides (Astronomy)

A

The rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun and the rotation of the Earth.
(Astronomy)

86
Q

White Dwarf Star (Astronomy)

A

The remnant of a star that has collapsed, having an extremely dense state with no empty space between its atoms, but not reaching the extremely dense state of a neutron star or black hole.
(Astronomy)

Science (2 decks)

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