Investigations

Question 1

Elevated LDH marker (2)

Answer 1

• Metastatic involvement of liver/lung (to do with mets not tumour itself)
• Elevated in most nonseminomatous testicular tumors

Question 2

3 markers used in testicular cancer

Answer 2

• LDH
• Alpha fetoprotein (AFP)
• Beta subunit - human chorionic gonadotropin (beta HCG)

Question 3

Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) tumour markers raised in (3)

Answer 3

• Embryonical carcinoma

- Yolk carcinoma (two t

Question 4

What tumour cancers is beta HCG elevated in?

Answer 4

All types (seminona/non seminoma)

Question 5

What type of testicular tumour is AFP never raised in?

Answer 5

Pure seminoma