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Invertebrate Zoology > Invertebrate Chordates > Flashcards

Invertebrate Chordates Flashcards

1
Q

What phylum do lancelets and tunicates belong to?

A

Phylum Chordata

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2
Q

Lec: Marine animals that are
formerly considered a subphylum of chordates, based on their possession of gill slits
and a rudimentary notochord.

A

Hemichordates

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3
Q

Lec: A buccal diverticulum found in Hemichordates.

A

Stomochord

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4
Q

Lec: Hemichordates are chordates. (TRUE OR FALSE)

A

FALSE

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5
Q

Lec: 2 classes of Hemichordates.

A

Enteropneusta (acorn worms)
Pterobranchia

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6
Q

Lec: Invertebrate organisms that are part of chordates. Includes the lancelets and the tunicates.

A

Protochordates

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7
Q

Lec: 2 classes of Protochordates

A

Urochordata
Cephalochordata

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8
Q

Lec: Common name of Enteropneusta

A

Acorn worms

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9
Q

Lec: 3 Distinct regions of the body of Enteropneusta

A

protosome, mesosome, and
metasome

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10
Q

Lec: How many genera of Pterobranchia are known?

A

3

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11
Q

Lec: Protochordates include only _______.

A

Invertebrate Chordates

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12
Q

Lec: The anastomosing system found in Pterobranchs.

A

Coenecium

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13
Q

Lec: Urochordata is formerly known as ________.

A

Tunicata

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14
Q

Lec: Other term for urochordates. Give an example.

A

Tunicates
Sea squirts

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15
Q

Lec: These are only present in the larval stage of urochordates.

A

Notochord and nerve cord

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16
Q

Lec: Tunicate larvae are _______, while their adult form are _______.

A

Free-living/Free-swimming
Sessile/Attached to a substrate

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17
Q

Lec: These are where the water enters and exits in tunicates, respectively.

A

Incurrent siphon & Excurrent siphon

18
Q

Lec: Vertical groove lined with both flagellated and mucous cells.

A

Endostyle

19
Q

Lec: It is small, eel-like, unprepossessing animals that spend much of their time
buried in sand.

A

Cephalochordata / Lancelets

20
Q

Lec: These are still present in adult lancelets.

A

Notochord, nerve cord, and gill slits/pharyngeal slits

21
Q

Lab: Other term of lancelets.

A

Amphioxus

22
Q

Lab: It is the non-living test of tunicates.

A

Tunic

23
Q

Lab: Tunic is made up of _______.

A

Cellulose

24
Q

Lab: Which organism does tunicate larva resemble to?

A

Tadpole

25
Q

Lab: Other term for incurrent siphon.

A

Oral siphon

26
Q

Lab: Other term for excurrent siphon.

A

Atrial siphon

27
Q

Lab: What does an endostyle produce? What is its function?

A

Films of mucus - adheres to food particles that are in
the water and this mixture is then passed through the pharynx through the sweeping
movement of the cilia (Ciliary action).

28
Q

Lab: How does water move through an
amphioxus?

A

Water -> mouth -> endostyle -> pharynx (gill-slits) -> atrium -> atriopore

29
Q

Lab: A mass of pigment cells located at the anterior end of the nerve cord.

A

Eye spot

30
Q

Lab: A linear series of pigment cells lying along the ventral wall of the nerve cord. They may possibly serve as photoreceptors.

A

Ocelli

31
Q

Lab: A series of finger-like projections, lined with cilia, that lies on the inner lateral and dorsal walls of the oral hood.

A

Wheel organ

32
Q

Lab: Thin tentacle-like strands that hang in front of the mouth and act as
sensory devices and as a filter for the water passing into the body.

A

Oral Cirri

33
Q

Lab: Dorsal nerve cord is not protected by bone but by a _________.

A

Simpler notochord

34
Q

Lab: It extends into the head; anteroposterior (“head to tail”) axis, is
usually closer to the dorsal than the ventral surface of the animal.

A

Notochord

35
Q

Lab: Functions of notochord

A

(a) rigid structure for muscle attachment
(b)
structural support of the body
(c) signalling and coordinating development

36
Q

Lab: Masses of muscle under the skin of lancelets.

A

Myomeres

37
Q

Lab: The longitudinal series of about 60 angularly shaped muscle
segments.

A

Myotomes

38
Q

Lab: The connective tissue partitions separating the myomeres.

A

Myosepta

39
Q

Lab:A pair of
integumentary folds that extend
along the ventrolateral surfaces from the anterior pharyngeal region
almost to the atriopore.

A

Metapleural fold

40
Q

Lab: 3 distinct characteristics of lancelets.

A

notochord, pharyngeal pouch (gill slits), and the dorsal
hollow nerve cord

Invertebrate Zoology (3 decks)

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