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Intro to HC > IntroToHC Midterm > Flashcards

IntroToHC Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

premium

A

patients paid the insurance company an agreed-upon amount

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2
Q

co-pay

A

a required set amount paid for each visit to the health care provider

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3
Q

Medicare

A

provides health insurance for people 65 and over or severely disabled people

part of Social Security

parts A-D

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4
Q

Medicaid

A

cost-assistance program to help pay medical costs for those with limited income

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5
Q

PPO

A

Preferred Provider Organization

group of hospitals that contract on a fee-for-service basis

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6
Q

HMO

A

Health Maintenance Organization

prepaid medical group practice plan providing a predetermined medical care benefit package

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7
Q

OBRA

A

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

federally mandated and funded program that provides evaluations of individuals with mental health diagnoses and/or developmental disabilities entering nursing facilities

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8
Q

coding

A

number categories and codes from are inputted into the computer for billing purposes

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9
Q

priority

A

order of importance

priority is of high importance

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10
Q

accounts receivable

A

amounts due from customers for services, supplies, or equipment

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11
Q

QI

A

quality improvement

improve quality of care and decrease costs

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12
Q

QAPI

A

quality assessment and performance improvement

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13
Q

CQI

A

continuous quality improvement

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14
Q

TQM

A

total quality management

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15
Q

utilization review

A

evaluates the necessity and efficiency of health care services, procedures, and facilities

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16
Q

4 types of questions

A
  1. Close-ended- yes or no
  2. Open-ended- no answered with yes or no
  3. Probing questions- request clarification & more info
  4. Leading questions- when the answer is included in the question
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17
Q

slander

A

defamation of character in verbal form

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18
Q

libel

A

legal charge for defamation of character

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19
Q

defamation of character

A

legal charge for disclosing unauthorized info that could harm the reputation of another

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20
Q

living will

A

when a person states how they want their medical care or things distributed while they are still alive

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21
Q

informed/implied/expressed consent

A

Informed- after a procedure is explained, risks too, and the patient agrees

Implied- showing up to a dr apt, therapeutic exercises

Expressed- written consent

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22
Q

confidentiality

A

not giving away patient’s personal information, medical records, discussing cases to those who need not know

HIPPA

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23
Q

contract

A

formalized promises that are enforced by law

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24
Q

breech of contract

A

when someone fails to fulfill their part of the agreement in the contract

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25
Q

false imprisonment

A

if patients are held against their will

unless if they’re mentally incompetent or a danger

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26
Q

assault & battery

A

Assault- any threatening or implied act carried out or not in which the patient feels threatened

Battery- unauthorized touching of another person

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28
Q

advanced directives

A

written document detailing the patient’s wishes regarding health care decisions

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28
Q

Edward Jenner

A

demonstrated that cowpox as a vaccine provides immunity to smallpox

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29
Q

Hippocrates

A
  1. most famous Greek physician of ancient times
  2. observation and conservative treatment
  3. believed health was the balance of 4 humors
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30
Q

Sigmund Freud

A
  1. Austrian neurologist
  2. 1st theory- hypnosis allows patients to recall traumatic moments from their past
  3. 2nd theory- repression of sexual urges as a central theme to psychological illness
31
Q

Joseph Lister

A
  1. applied the germ theory to his surgical practice

2. thought bacteria could fall into open surgical wounds too

32
Q

Florence Nightingale

A

founder of modern nursing

33
Q

Louis Pastuer

A
  1. chemist
  2. proved bacteria are the cause of specific diseases in humans and animals
  3. germ theory
34
Q

Elizabeth Blackwell

A
  1. first woman MD in the US

2. opened the first nursing school in 1860

35
Q

William Harvey

A

stated that blood circulates throughout the body within a continuous network of vessels

36
Q

Anton VanLeuwenhoek

A

invented the microscope in 1666

37
Q

Purpose of quality improvement

A

to reduce costs while still improving quality of care

39
Q

fee for service

A

physicians determine what the procedure will be and the insurance company paid for those services

40
Q

negotiated fee

A

amount negotiated between healthcare providers

40
Q

pre-existing condition

A

a condition a patient already has, may have been born with

41
Q

strains & sprains

A

pain and swelling, loosening of joint, sudden rear felt during exertion

42
Q

8 first aid protocol

A
  1. Survey the scene
  2. Obtain consent
  3. Determine what happened
  4. Standard precautions
  5. Give care
  6. Have bystanders assist
  7. Never move a victim
  8. Stay calm
43
Q

Golden Rule

A

Do no further harm

44
Q

Good Samaritan Act

A

protects individuals from liability when they volunteer to give care in emergency situations

46
Q

hyperglycemia

A

high blood sugar

if untreated the victim may go into a diabetic coma

Symptoms: excessive, hunger, thirst, urination

47
Q

fainting

A

brief loss of consciousness

48
Q

CPR use

A

when a person is not breathing and has no pulse

48
Q

Good HC worker’s attitude

A
  1. Care about others
  2. Have integrity
  3. Be dependable
  4. Work well with others
  5. Be flexible
  6. Be willing to learn
  7. Be cost conscious
49
Q

communication skills

A
  1. Set up goals
  2. Create the message
  3. Deliver the message
  4. Listen to the response
  5. Offer feedback and seek clarification
  6. Evaluate encounter
50
Q

stress

A

the body’s reaction when it responds to danger, real or imagined

51
Q

infection control

A
  1. PPE

2. biohazard bags

52
Q

PASS

A

how to use fire extinguisher

  1. Pull the pin
  2. Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire
  3. Squeeze the handle
  4. Sweep back and forth along the base of the fire
53
Q

RACE

A

procedures to follow in case of fire

  1. Remove patients
  2. Activate alarm
  3. Contain the fire
  4. Extinguish the fire OR
  5. Evacuate the area
54
Q

standard precautions

A

prevents direct contact with potentially infectious body fluids (blood, secretions)

washing hands, PPE

55
Q

body’s immune response

A

how your body naturally responds to an illness or drugs

56
Q

viral disease

A

antibiotics cannot treat it

57
Q

euthanasia

A
  1. mercy-killing

2. intentional death, helping someone die

58
Q

laws & ethics

A

diversity, personal values

59
Q

certification

A

a person has met predetermined standards

60
Q

registration

A

being placed on an official registry

61
Q

licensure

A

the person is granted to legally perform certain acts

some vary form state to state

62
Q

5 step problem solving method

A
  1. Identify the problem
  2. Gather information
  3. Create alternatives
  4. Choose a method and take action
  5. Evaluate and revise as needed
63
Q

signs

A

objective data

what can be measured, observed, tested for

64
Q

symptoms

A

subjective data

pain, nausea, dizziness

65
Q

diagnosis

A

the process of being tested and told you can a certain disease

66
Q

subjective data

A

what is reported by the patient

nausea, pain

68
Q

Ancient Times (?A.D. 400)

A
  1. home remedies were used and rituals to drive away evil spirits
  2. chronic illness was rare
  3. Hippocrates of Cos- father of medicine, diet change before drugs to fix illness
69
Q

Medieval TImes (A.D. 400-1350)

A
  1. Physicians were clergy men and could not perform surgery
  2. Concept of quarantine as a preventative measure was recognized
  3. Monks preserved medical texts so monasteries were a learning place

Black Plague killed 1348 people

70
Q

Renaissance (1350-1650)

A
  1. Girolamo Fracastoro wrote a book about the first theory of contagious disease
  2. Accurate anatomical drawings were now available for study
  3. Plants were the main source of drugs
71
Q

17th Century

A

William Harvey- blood circulates throughout the body

  1. Anatomy and Physiology were being closely investigated
  2. Specific diseases have specific cures
  3. Germs were viewed under a microscope
  4. The brain and psychology were studied
71
Q

18th Century

A
  1. Three theories were formed to explain how the body functioned
  2. Surgery was respected
  3. Measuring vital signs became a thing
  4. More humane practices began for mental patients
  5. Edward Jenner- demonstrated that cowpox as a vaccine provides immunity to smallpox
72
Q

19th Century

A
  1. Hospitals were built to hold many patients (industrial revolution)
  2. Medical professions started developing specialty areas (peds, dermatology)
  3. Human tissue could be seen at the cellular level
  4. Chemistry advances were made
  5. Anesthesia
  6. Elizabeth Blackwell- first woman MD in the US, opened the first nursing school in 1860
  7. Sigmund Freud
  8. Joseph Lister
73
Q

20th Century

A
  1. Blood groups were discovered, transfusions were safe for the first time
  2. Diabetes was no longer fatal, could be controlled with insulin
  3. New treatment options used (x-ray, EKG, chemotherapy)
  4. Prosthetic joint replacements performed
  5. First hospice opened in England
  6. Test-tube babies
  7. AIDS came to be
  8. First successful cloning of sheep

Intro to HC (1 decks)

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