Introduction to Working with Children Course Flashcards
CAP model
- Cognitive: How we think and perceive
- Affective: How we react and socialize
- Physical: How we grow and learn to move
What are Jean Piaget’s 4 stages of Cognitive Development?
- Sensori- motor stage
- Pre-operations stage
- Concrete operations stage
- Formal operations stage
Sensori-motor stage
- Birth- 2 years
- Learns through their senses
- Uses one or two words to communicate
- Begins to understand things still exist even when they dispear
- Birth- 2 years
- Learns through their senses
- Uses one or two words to communicate
- Begins to understand things still exist even when they dispear
Pre-Operations Stage
- 3-6 years
- Can process one direction at a time
- Learning new vocabulary
- Learns through play and use of pretend or fantasy
- Needs structure
- Concept of spatial relationships is developing
- Learning to understand left from right
- Relies on concrete experiences for learning
- Learns through copy and repeat
- Thinks egocentrically
- Has short attention span
Concrete Operations Stage
- 7-11 years old
- Needs simple directions
- Curious about the world; asks a lot of questions
- Knows the difference between fantasy and reality
- Likes the process more than the goal
- Learning to judge speed and distance
- Can reverse direction and thought
- Can think logically about objects and events
- Begins to see there are “other” perspectives
Formal Operations Stage
- 12 years and older
- Can follow a series of directions
- Understands right from wrong
- Understands abstract, complex thought- the big picture
- Becomes concerned with hypothetical possibilities, the future and ideological problems.
The 8 Types of Intelligence in the multiple intelligences theory
- Linguistic: word smart
- Logical: math/ number smart
- Musical: music smart
- Visual: spatial intelligence/ picture smart
- Kinesthetic: bodily movement smart
- Interpersonal: other people smart
- Intrapersonal: self-smart
- Naturalist: Nature smart
0-6 moral development (2 parts)
- Right and wrong is based on personal needs.
- Good behavior is based on what authority figures deem as “good” (what pleases others determines goodness)
7-12 Moral Development
- May respect you because you’re an adult, but it doesn’t mean they respect your intelligence.
- Believe in their own cleverness and view adult’s rule as a challenge.
- Right and wrong shifts from self interest to approval of others.
Pre-teen Moral Development
- Good and bad largely determined by social standards and group mentality.
- Instructor needs to focus on maintaining group dynamics without infringing on individual rights or beliefs.
- Believes they are ready to be adults- have them plan activities by providing lesson or drill objectives and choices on execution.
Adolescence- Adulthood Moral Development
- Right and wrong determined by abstract principles such as justice, dignity and equality.
- What is best for most people may determine the course of action even if it means going against the norm or breaking rules.
2-3 Year old play style
Parallel play: play beside each other rather than with each other.
Sharing is not yet a concept.
Free-flow- allow imaginations to determine what happens
3-7 year old play style
Playing with words, knock knock jokes
Playing with others
7-12 year old play style
Aware of differences can lead to poking fun at each other.
Become interested in the results of their efforts.
Rules take on more importance
More motivated by competition
13-18 Year old play style
Sarcasm- feeds sense of belonging by showing a form of detachment
Sensitive to seemingly benign comments
Setting and achieving personal goals are intrinsically motivating- competition as a way to push oneself
Set up activities for teens that encourage social interaction and peer learning
Coordination
The ability to use different parts of the body together, smoothly and efficiently
Three stages of coordination
- Initial
- Elementary
- Mature
The location of a young child’s Center of Mass is (lower/higher) on the torso than an adult’s?
Higher
Kinesthetic Awareness
Ability to perceive bodily through sensory input
Visual Interpretation
Perceiving an object by clarity, color and size as separate from the background and relative to other objects and people.
People learn motor skills through the sequence of…
- The brain receiving input from the senses
- Brain processes that information
- Responds
Perceptual Motor System (3 parts)
- Sensory mechanism
- Interpretive Process
- Body’s response to information
Children’s Teaching/Learning cycle (4 steps)
- Play
- Drill
- Adventure
- Summary
