Introduction to Urinalysis Flashcards
“The testing of urine with procedures commonly
performed in an expeditious, reliable, accurate, safe,
and cost-effective manner.” (CLSI)
URINALYSIS
they continuously form urine as an ultrafiltrate
of plasma.
KIDNEYS
Ultrafiltration of plasma takes place in the?
glomerular capillaries
Reabsorption of water and filtered substances
essential to body function converts approximately
150,000 mL of filtered plasma
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
It reabsorbs 170,000mL not 150,000mL
the average daily urine output is?
1,200 mL
consists of urea and other organic and inorganic
chemicals dissolved in water.
Urine
Urine is normally 95% water and 5% solutes.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Urine is normally 95% water and 5% solutes.
These 5% solutes include:
Organic components;
Inorganic components.
(most abundant organic component), a metabolic
waste product produced in the liver from the
breakdown of protein and amino acids, accounts for
nearly half of the total dissolved solids in urine.
Urea
Aside from Urea other organic substances include primarily creatinine and uric acid, and other nitrogen-containing
compounds.
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
These are your main organic substances:
Urea
Creatinine
Uric Acid
Nitrogen-containing compounds
The major inorganic solid dissolved in urine is?
Chloride
principal salt in urine
sodium chloride salt
The major inorganic solid dissolved in urine is chloride followed by?
sodium and potassium
usually in the form of sodium chloride salt
excreted in the form of di-hydrogen phosphate
Calcium, phosphate
Small or trace amounts of many additional inorganic
chemicals are also present in the urine
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Because other substances found in urine include
hormones, vitamins, and medications; may also contain formed elements such as cells, casts, crystals, mucus, and bacteria.
Primary organic component; product
of metabolism of protein and amino
acids
UREA
Product of metabolism of creatine by
muscles.
CREATININE
Product of breakdown of nucleic acid
in food and cells
URIC ACID
Primary inorganic component; found
in combination with sodium and many
other inorganic substances.
CHLORIDE
Primarily from salt, varies by intake.
SODIUM
Combined with chloride and other
salts.
POTASSIUM
Combines with sodium to buffer the
blood.
PHOSPHATE
Regulates blood and tissue fluid
acidity.
AMMONIUM
Combines with chloride, sulfate, and
phosphate.
CALCIUM