INTRODUCTION TO URINALYSIS Flashcards
the beginning of laboratory medicine
analyzing urine
reference of the study of urine can be found
drawings of caveman and in egyptian hieroglyphics
example of the reference of the study of urine
edwin smith surgical papyrus
6 basic observations in diagnosis of urine
color turbidity odor volume viscocity sweetness ***certain specimens attracted ants or tasted sweet
modern urinalysis
chemical analysis and microscopic examination
father of medicine
wrote a book on “uroscopy” in 5th century BCE
hippocrates
what year that color charts had been developed that described the significance of 20 different colors
1140 CE
chemical testing progressed for glucose
ant testing and taste testing
who discovers albuminuria by boiling urine and what year?
frederick dekker 1694
who invented the microscope and what year?
antoine van leeuwenhoek 17th century
a.k.a charlatans
pissed prophets
who wrote a book about pissed prophets and what year?
thomas bryant 1627
who developed methods for quantitating the microscopic sediments.
thomas addis
who introduced the concept of urinlysis as part of doctor’s routine patient examination and what year?
richard bright 1827
two unique characteristic of urine
- easily collected and readily available
2. contains vital information
who described the urinalysis as “the testing of urine with procedures commonly performed in an expeditious, reliable, accurate, safe and cost-effective manner.”
clinical and laboratory standard institute (CLSI)
3 reasons for performing urinalysis identified by CLSI
- aiding in the diagnosis of disease
- screening asymptomatic populations for undetected disorders
- monitoring the progress of disease and the effectiveness of the therapy
ultrafiltrate of plasma
urine
daily urine output
1,200ml
reabsorption of water and filtered substances essential to body function converts how many of filtered plasma
170,000ml filtered plasma
4 factors that affects the urine concentrations
- dietary intake
- physical activity
- body metabolism
- endocrine functions
urine composition
95% water
5% solutes
metabolic waste product produce in the liver
urea
