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Ultrasound Physics > Introduction to Ultrasound Physics > Flashcards

Introduction to Ultrasound Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

Infrasound

A

Below 20Hz

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2
Q

Audible Range

A

20Hz - 20,000Hz

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3
Q

Ultrasound

A

Over 20,000Hz

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4
Q

Medical Applications of Ultrasound (7)

A
  1. M-mode
  2. Two-Dimensional (2D)
  3. Doppler (Conventional & Color Flow)
  4. Stress/Dobutamine Echocardiography
  5. Transesophageal (TEE) (Intraoperative)
  6. Intracoronary Ultrasound
  7. 3-D
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5
Q

Wave

A

Is a propagating (traveling) variation in quantities – wave variables.

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6
Q

Ultrasound Waves

A

Are mechanical vibrations which induce alternate refractions & compressions of any physical medium through which they pass

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7
Q

Sound Waves

A

A mechanical, longitudinal wave that travels in a straight line

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8
Q

Acoustic Variables (4)

A
  1. Pressure – concentration of force (lb/square inch)
  2. Density- concentration of mass or weight (kg/cubic cm)
  3. Temperature- concentration of heat energy (degrees)
  4. Particle motion (distance – cm)
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9
Q

Particle Motion

A

-Particle is a small portion of the medium through which sound travels
-Particles oscillate back & forth as a sound wave travels
-At any point in the medium→pressure, density and temperature increase & decrease in repetitive cycles as the wave travels

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10
Q

Rarefactions

A

Regions of low pressure & density

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11
Q

Compressions

A

Regions of high pressure & density

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12
Q

Parameters of Sound Waves (7)

A
  1. Period
  2. Frequency
  3. Amplitude
  4. Power
  5. Intensity
  6. Wavelength
  7. Propagation Speed
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13
Q

Speed of Sound through Soft Tissue (4)

A

1,540 m/s
1.54 mm/µs
1.54 km/s
1 mile/second

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14
Q

Period

A

The time it takes for one cycle to occur

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15
Q

Period Units

A

Microseconds, one-millionth of a second

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16
Q

Frequency

A

The number of cycles per second

17
Q

Frequency Units

A

Hertz (Hz), Kilohertz (kHz), Megahertz (MHz)

18
Q

Amplitude

A

Size of the sound wave ;the difference between the maximum or minimum value and the average value of an acoustic variable

19
Q

Amplitude Units

A

Appropriate for the acoustic variable e.g Pascals (Pa) for pressure amplitude.

Ultrasound Physics (1 decks)

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