introduction to tissue Flashcards
Functions of epithelial tissue
-Protection
-Absorbtion (small intestine)
-Secretion (glands)
-Transport (kidney tubules)
-Excretion (sweat glands)
-Sensory reception (taste buds)
Name four major classes of tissues.
-Epithelial
-Connective
-Muscle
-Nervous
Name epithelial tissue junctions. (Or junction complexes)
-Tight junctions (cell membrane fused, leakproof, ex: bladder)
-Spot desmosomes (stress retention, ex: skin)
-Gap junction (very leaky, ex: intestinal epithelial cells)
What are the sharing characteristics of epithelial tissues?
-Avascular
-Composed of cells closely packed together
-Little extracellular material between the cells.
-Most have a basement membrane they are anchored to (except for transitional).
What does the spot desmosomes junction look like?
Spot desmosomes are junctions with no direct contact between adjacent plasma membranes of the cell. Instead, the plasma membranes are joined together by a criss-crossed network of intercellular filaments. Spot desmosomes are common in the skin, where stress is constantly being applied to the junctions.
The basement membrane of epithelial tissue consists of:
-A basal lamina (homogenous layer of peptides and glycoproteins, lacking fibers)
-A deeper layer (glycoproteins containing reticular and collagenous fibers)
The terms basement membrane and basal lamina are synonyms. True/False
False
Give one example of an organ with simple squamous epithelium. Name a function.
-Glomerular (kidney),
-Alveoli (diffusion: oxygen in the lungs)
Stratified Squamous epithelium example. Function.
Skin. Protection.
An example of simple cuboidal epithelium. Main Function.
-Lining of many glands (secretion of sweat)
-Kidney tubules (absorption of fluids)
An example of Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium, Main function.
Ducts of sweat glands
(secretion)
An example of Simple Columnar Epithelium organ. Main Function.
-Stomach (protection)
-Intestines (with microvilli for absorption).
An example of Stratified Columnar Epithelium. Main Function.
Main location- moist surfaces.
-Nasal surface of the soft palate
(secretion of saliva)
-Urethra (movement of material)
Pseudostratified (Ciliated) Columnar Epithelium Organ Example.Main Function.
Trachea (movement of substances, like mucus).
Locations of transitional epithelium. Main function.
-Urinary Bladder
Allows structures to change shapes.
3 basic components of connective tissue.
- Specialized cells
- Protein fibers
- Ground substance
Main function of connective tissue
-Support & protection
(Protect delicate organs, interconnect other tissue types)
-Transportation of materials
(Blood moves around the materials)
-Storage of energy reserves.
-Defense of the body
(cell-to-cell interaction to produce antibodies)
Classification of Connective Tissue
- Connective tissue proper
- Fluid connective tissue
- Supporting connective tissue
Loose (areolar) connective tissue main location. Main functions.
Breasts (store lipids)
Loose connective tissue main functions.
- Fill spaces b/w organs
-Provide cushioning and support epithelia
-They anchor blood vessels and nerves
-They store lipids
-Separate the skin from muscle, providing padding
-The ample blood supply, carrying to and from tissues.
Melanocyte is the cell responsible for …
Skin color (the pigment release, not the number of cells)
Example of location of dense regular connective tissue. Its main function.
Ligaments. Contain protein elastin. They recoil, as made branched and wavy. Provides firm attachment.
Dense irregular connective tissue. Features. Location. Main function.
Deep dermis (skin). Contains an interwoven meshwork of collagen fibers. This provides structural support to areas subjected to stresses from many directions.
-Provides protection
Structured abnormalities, such as long arms, legs and fingers is the sign of what syndrome?
Marfan’s syndrome
