Introduction to Thermodynamics Flashcards
Learning Basic Concepts
A system
A definite quantity of matter bounded by some surface which separates it from the rest of the world. The boundary surface may be real or imaginary. It may change in shape and size.
Combination of matter and space external to the system under consideration is called….
Surrounding
A closed System
The system in which the boundaries are closed so that no substance may enter or leave the system. In such a system, the mass of the substance within the system remains constant i.e. control mass. The transfer of energy may however take place across the boundaries.
The system in which mass transfer takes place in addition to energy transfer. The rate of mass and energy transfer with respect to time is constant, such a system is known as….
An open system or a Steady Flow system
In this system, neither the mass nor the energy crosses the boundaries of the system.
Isolated System
Adiabatic system
An isolated system which permits energy transfer only in the form of work
It is an arbitrary selected zone that surrounds the device under consideration is known as…
Control Volume
The surface of control volume is known as…
Control Surface
Mass as well as heat and work can flow across the control Volume. It seperates Control volume from the surroundings, which is analogous to the boundary of a system, however transfer of energy occurs…
Control Surface
Property which depends upon the mass of the system is known as…
Extensive Property
Property which does not depend upon the mass of the system is known as…
Intensive property
Specific Property
It is the ratio of an extensive property to the mass of the system
Molar Property
It is the ratio of an extensive property to the mole number of a system
Extensive Property per unit mass such as Specific property
Intensive property
The state in which the properties of a system at any specified location are independent of time
Steady State
The concept associated with the absence of any tendency for spontaneous changes when the system is isolated and the properties of a system are assigned only one value
Euilibrium
If in a system, there are no internal/external unbalanced forces acting on the system, then the system is said to be in….
Mechanical Equilibrium
If the temperature across every system is the same, then the system is said to be in…
Thermal Equilibrium
If the chemical constituents are such that there are no exothermic/endothermic reactions, then the system is said to be in…
Chemical Equilibrium
Thermodynamic Equilibrium
A system which is simultaneously in a state of thermal equilibrium, mechanical equilibrium and chemical equilibrium
The condition of a system at any particular moment which can be identified by the statement of properties such as temperature, pressure and volume of the system
State of a system
When a system changes from one state to another, it is called a…
Process
Path of a process
The series of states through which the system passes in going from the initial state to final state
If a process is made to reverse itself completely in all details and retraces the same path
Reversible Process
When a system changes its state very slowly under the influence of infinitesimal driving force, the system is said to undergo..
Quasi-static process
Quasi-static process
A system is made to undergo a series of change of state, such that it is in thermodynamic equilibrium at each and every state, then the locus of all these states is called Quasi-static process
A series of processes cab be put together such that the system returns to its initial state. This series of processes is called…
Thermodynamic cycle
Substances that do not allow heat to pass through them
Adiabatic substances
Substances that readily allow heat to pass through them
Diathermic substances
If two bodies A & B are in thermal equilibrium with third body C seperately, then the two bodies A & B are in thermal equilibrium with each other
Zeroth law of Thermodynamics
If a series of states of a system can be found which are in thermal equilibrium with one state of another system, then the locus of all these states is called an…
Isotherm
Thermodynamic Definition of Work
Positive work is done by the system when the sole effect external to the system could be reduced to the rise of a weight
The transition energy between the system and the surrounding by virtue of the difference in temperature
Heat
