Introduction To Therapies Flashcards by Monique Borres

Biological therapies

-Pharmacological agents
- Electroconvulsive agents
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
-light therapy

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we do use ECT in Psychiatry

Electroconvulsive agents

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newer modality
of the somatic treatment; already used in some areas abroad

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

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Tx for seasonal affective disorders

Light theraphy

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in DSM-5 is identified as major Depressive Disorder with Seasonal Pattern; symptoms usually occur during the fall and winter months when there is less sunlight

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

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Biological therapy for sleep deprivation insomnia

Melatonin

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an over-the-counter (OTC) agent for sleep

Melatonin

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done a few decades ago

Drug assisted interviewing

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for brain stimulation; implant something
in the patient’s brain to affect the electrical activity

Psychosurgery

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Alternative therapies for biological therapies

Acupuncture and Acupressure
- Orthomolecular Therapy
: Plant extracts

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Seasonal affective disorder (sleep disorder) tx

Melatonin
Drug assisted intervieweing
Psychosurgery
Placebo

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Also known as “Talk Therapy” or the “Talking Cure”

Psychotherapy

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Psychotherapy Atreatment of psychic problems through talking to a

Psychotherapist

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This is a person who has special education for
giving help this way

Psychotherapist

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A process focused on helping people learn more constructive
ways to deal with the problems or issues in life

Psychotherapy

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Psychotherapies started in

Ancient greeks

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Psychotherapy in Middle ages by

Paracelsus

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Coined psychotherapeia

Walter cooper dendy

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Walter cooper dendy coined therapeia in

1853

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Coined psychoanalysis

Sigmund freud

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Father of psychiatry

Sigmund freud

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“classically trained”

Behavior Therapy/Cognitive Therapy

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Interpersonal therapy

Carl rogers

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Recommendation of psychotherapy

o A person is grappling with any life, relationship, or work issue
o Aspecific mental health concern causing the
individual a great deal of pain lasting more than a few days

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Psychotherapy

Problem-solving - Goal-oriented : Develop awareness of how behavior contributes to the problem and coping skills to address these ‘It is most successful when an individual enters therapy on their own and strongly motivated to change

Types of psychotherapy

Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Cognitive Therapy Behavior Therapy Group Therapy and Stress Debriefing Family and Couples Therapy

lt has other names: “Psychodynamic”, “Insight-oriented”, Doe “Intensive”, “Exploratory”, “Uncovering”

PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY

Two (2) subtypes of psychoanalytic psychotherapy

Expressive Subtype Supportive subtype

«Interpreting unconscious conflicts and gaining insight

Expressive Subtype

it’s more of a counseling and strengthening a patients defenses directing them toward adaptive and healthy ways of problem solving

Supportive subtype

Help patients connect with their throughts emotions and behavior

Cognitive behavior

Cognitive therapy help px with the following

Identify negative cognitions >unhealthy thinking o Develop alternate schemas> teach how to think o Rehearse new cognitive responses

Cognitive theraphy is initiated by

Dr. Aaron beck

Cognitive therapy is applied to

Depressive Disorders - Panic Disorder : Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) - Somatoform Disorder - Paranoid Personality Disorder

Cognitive behavior therapy changing perceptions

Thoughts Emotions Behavior

An American psychologist who is widely regarded as the Father of Cognitive Therapy; died peacefully on Nov. 1, 2021

Dr. Aaron beck

Ameliorating peoples maladaptive behavior without theorizing aboht their inner conflicts unlike what you would do with Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy

Behavior therapy

T:f all behavior that is learned cannot be unlearned

False can be unlearned

Operant and classical conditioning applies to

Phobias, compulsions, sexual dysfunctions, psychophysiological reactions

Carefully selected people meet in a group guided by trained therapists and help one another effect personality change

Group therapy

Immediated feedback from peers

Strengths

The chance for both patient and therapis to observe a patients ‘response to a variety of people

Immediate feedback from peers

This is practiced and applied to: : Adolescents, Personality Disorder, families, couples

Group therapy

We use the term “Psychological First Aid” instead

Stress debriefing

Applied to something bad happened

Crisis intervention

Immediate response to a crisis and the long term. development of psychological adaptation aimed at preventing future problems

Stress debriefing

Stress debriefing is not therapeutic and preventive

False

Work towards improving group interactions and help each member function better, this is the usual goal of therapy

Family and couples therapy

Aims of family and couples therapy

o Light the often hidden patterns that maintain a group’s balance, and o Help the group understand the purpose of patterns

Methods to enable people who are severely mentally ill to develop social and vocational skills for indelendent living is includes the following:

1. Social Skills Training 2. Milieu Therapy 3. Psychosocial Rehabilitation

Interpersonal behaviors required for community survival

Social skills training

Method of social skills training

Role playing

Trained to not improve social skills in specific situations

False

Social skills training include

Problem-solving, information-processing skills

Focus: living, learning, and working environment

Millieu therapy

Emphasize group and social interaction

Millieu therapy

Rules and expectations not mediated by peer pressure

False

When a px is disturbed or doing something acceptable, peers catch their attention before staff will intervene

False unacceptable

This stresses a patient’s:

Rights to goals Freedom of movement > in a open ward Informal relationship with the staff >aS Call them by their first names

There should be clear communication

Millieu therapy

very good example of psychosocial rehabilitation

Fountain house

is pioneered by Fountain House; a specialized form of therapy that uses the setting of an intentional community to assist people in their mental health recovery; helps px learn new skills, hone their talents, build dignity, develop a sense of belonging, and make progress towards their goals

Social practice

Patients created their own social support network .They help each other out with the basic activities

Psychosocial rehabilitation

Activities of psychosocial rehab

Chores Assisting each other in banking or budgeting Manning thrift shops Visiting hospitalized friends Refurbising apartments

have a Day Center where the patient can go to rehab and be trained

The philippine mental health association (PMHA)

Psychosocial rehab for px with severe mental illness

Vocational training

Guidelines for px referral

-Be confident and enthusiastic - Always present the referral as part of ongoing medical care - Have the name and phone number of referral source ready -Inform the psychiatrist of the referral -Make appointments for evaluation while patient is in clinic -Schedule a follow-up appointment