introduction to theories Flashcards
what theory did durkheim create?
the holistic, functionalist theory of biological analogy
what does holistic mean?
looking at the bigger picture
what is the definition of biological analogy?
comparing one thing to another
what is studied the same as society in biological analogy?
the human body
define norms & values
an agreement , a social contract
define norms
expected behaviour/behavioural patterns
define values
morals behind norms
name the two weaknesses in functionalism
- looking at society through rose tinted glasses (too positive and unrealistic)
- homogeneous grouping
what does homogenous grouping mean?
generalising and stereotyping people into groups
what is a strength to functionalism?
always give a lot of evidence to back their views up
who was karl marx?
a holistic sociologist writer
what theory did marx create?
dialectic materialism
what does dialectic materialism mean?
the conflict between two classes
what did marx believe?
- that capitalism is at the heart of society
- ideological functions teach the people to be workers and be happy being working class
- the ruling class controls the working with money
what are criticisms of marx?
- homogeneous grouping
- economically deterministic theory
what are the ideological functions?
family and education
what does economically deterministic mean?
everything ever is controlled by money or the economy
what was the liberal feminist view?
holistic and patriarchal
what does patriarchy mean?
society is ruled by men
what did the liberal feminists believe?
that society needed to be reformed and changed for the better of women
how did liberal feminists show the progress of society?
the march of progress
what happened in 1918?
the legalisation of women with specific requirements to vote
what happened in 1928?
legalisation of all women to vote