Introduction to the Theories of Personality (HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PERSONALITY THEORY) Flashcards
A Greek philosopher who thought that human behavior is influenced by 4 basic elements
Hippocrates
Four basic elements that influenced by human behavior.
air, water, fire and earth
thought that human behavior is influenced by four body fluids or humors.
Hippocrates
four body fluids or humor
blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile
A Roman physician said that someone with a high blood ratio is sanguine or happy.
Galen
Franz Gall is a?
phrenologist
sought that personality is link to the bumps and form of the skull in the 19th century.
Franz Gall
He stated that criminals’ physical characteristics characterized them as evolutionary “throwbacks”
Cesare Lambroso
He categorized the personality depending on a physical type
Ernst Kretschmer
Ernst Kretschmer is a?
German psychiatrist
How many personality was categorized by Ernst Kretschmer?
4
thin, tall, fragile, normaly built, and looks very weak
Asthenic
muscular and energetic
Athletic
round and robust or plump
Pyknic
disproportioned body, a combination of any of the above body builds.
Dysplatic
two types of mental illness that was link to physical appearance
pyknic body type
asthenic body type
more likely to be more manic-depressive
pyknic body type
were more likely to be schizoprenic
asthenic body type
Did Kretschmer provided a concrete proof to back up his claim?
No
he studied the link between physical shape and personality in the first part of the 20th century.
William Sheldon
Divided the human body into 2 types
William Sheldon
a hypothetical biological structure
Morphogenotype
externally visible physique
Phrenotype
