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Cardiology > Introduction to the heart > Flashcards

Introduction to the heart Flashcards

1
Q

What are the great vessels?

A

Aorta
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary vein
Pulmonary artery

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2
Q

What are the chambers of the heart?

A

Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle

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3
Q

What is the pressure within the aorta?

A

100-120 mmHg

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4
Q

What is the pressure within the pulmonary artery?

A

10-20 mmHg

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5
Q

What is the pressure within the vena cava?

A

5-10 mmHg

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6
Q

What is the pressure within the pulmonary veins?

A

10-15 mmHg

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7
Q

Describe blood flow through the heart (Right)

A 
Vena cava
Right atrium
Right ventricle 
Pulmonary artery 
Lungs
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8
Q

Describe blood flow through the heart (Left)

A 
Pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Left ventricle 
Aorta 
Body
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9
Q

Where is the aortic valve?

A

Between the left ventricle and the aorta

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10
Q

Where is the pulmonary valve?

A

Right ventricle and pulmonary artery

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11
Q

Where is the tricuspid valve?

A

Right atrium and ventricle

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12
Q

Where is the mitral valve?

A

Left atrium and ventricle

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13
Q

What cells are involved in the heart’s electrical conduction?

A

Nodal cells

Fibrous tract cells

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14
Q

What is the function of the SAN?

A

Pacemaker of the heart

60-100bpm

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15
Q

Where is the SAN?

A

Junction of crista terminals

Upper wall of right atrium and opening of superior vena cava

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16
Q

What is the function of the AVN?

A

Has pacemaker activity

Slow calcium mediated action potentials

17
Q

Where is the AVN?

A

Triangle of Koch at the base of the right atrium

18
Q

What is the main fibrous tract?

A

Bundle of his

19
Q

What is the function of the bundle of his?

A

Specialised myocytes
Branches at intraventricular septum
Goes to apex

20
Q

What are the purkinje fibres?

A

Specialised conducting fibres

21
Q

How does blood flow around the heart? (arterial)

A

Right coronary artery
Left circumflex artery
Left anterior descending artery

22
Q

How does blood flow around the heart? (venous)

A

Coronary sinus
Great cardiac vein
Middle cardiac vein
(Posterior of the heart)

23
Q

What is atenolol?

A

Beta blocker

24
Q

What is amlodipine?

A

Calcium channel blocker

25
Q

What is losartan?

A

Angiotensin receptor blocker

26
Q

What is ramipril?

A

ACE inhibitor

27
Q

What is chlorthalidone?

A

Thiazide-like diuretic

Cardiology (16 decks)

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