Introduction to the Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is the cardiovascular system? What are it’s main components?
The organ system that transports materials to and from all the cells of the body.
The heart, blood vessels, and blood
Describe the heart and how it functions.
The heart is a muscular organ of cardiac muscle with 4 chambers and valves for continuous correct blood flow.
Cardiac muscle cells send out electric impulses to trigger the heart to contract rhythmically to pump blood through blood vessels
List the three major types of blood vessels and their basic functions.
Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart to distribute oxygen to rest of body
Veins: Carry blood towards the heart to give it oxygen
Capillaries: Exchange substances like oxygen with cells
Compare and contrast the pulmonary and systemic circulations.
Both:
- Transportation of blood through the heart
- Oxygen is a major component
Pulmonary circulation
- The heart, lungs, and the major blood vessels that connect them.
- Blood circulates between the heart and lungs, becomes oxygen rich
Systemic circulation
- The heart and blood vessels
- Blood is transported to rest of body to provide oxygen and nutrients
What is blood? What are its chief constituents?
Blood is a fluid connective tissue
- Red blood cells
- White blood cells
- Platelets
True or False. The circulatory system brings blood to and from the body, while the cardiovascular system brings blood to and from the lungs only.
False
True or False. Arteries carry mainly oxygenated blood.
True
Name three different types of substances that are transported by the cardiovascular system.
Oxygen, nutrients, waste
Describe where and how the pulmonary and systemic circulation systems meet.
Pulmonary and systemic circulation systems meet at the left atrium and the right atrium through the valve
Deoxygenated blood from the right atrium enters the left atrium.
Blood leaves pulmonary circulation when it leaves the left atrium and enters the left ventricle
Which of the following carries blood to the lungs? Choose all that apply.
A. Left pulmonary artery
B. Left pulmonary vein
C. Right pulmonary artery
D. Right pulmonary vein
A. Left pulmonary artery
C. Right pulmonary artery
Put the following structures in order of how blood flows from the heart out to the body and back again. capillaries; venules; aorta; veins; arteries
Aorta
Arteries
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
Explain why the heart and lungs need blood from systemic circulation.
It carries substances such as oxygen and nutrients that are needed for these organs to carry out their functions.
Choose one. Blood vessels carrying deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart get increasingly (larger/smaller).
larger
Blood becomes oxygenated in the lungs through gas exchange into
A. Arterioles
B. Capillaries
C. Venules
D. Bronchioles
B. Capillaries
Which type of blood cell carries oxygen?
Red blood cells
