Introduction to TCP/IP Networking

Question 1

System Network Architecture

Answer 1

IBM proprietary networking scheme (1974)

Question 2

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Answer 2

In the late 70s began working on what would become known as the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) networking model to standardize data networking protocols to allow communication among all computers across the entire planet.

Question 3

RFC

Answer 3

Request for comments

Question 4

Ethernet LAN

Answer 4

Standard defined by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers)

Question 5

TCP/IP Model

Answer 5

Application
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical

Question 6

TCP/IP Application layer examples

Answer 6

HTTP, POP3, SMTP

Question 7

TCP/IP Transport layer examples

Answer 7

TCP, UDP

Question 8

TCP/IP Network layer examples

Answer 8

IP, ICMP

Question 9

TCP/IP Data link & Physical layer examples

Answer 9

Ethernet, 802.11 (Wi-Fi)

Question 10

URL

Answer 10

Uniform Resource Locator

Question 11

TCP

Answer 11

Trasmission Control Protocol

Question 12

UDP

Answer 12

User Diagram Protocol

Question 13

Error-recovery service

Answer 13

Provided by TCP to Application layer

Question 14

Adjacent-layer interaction

Answer 14

On a single computer, one lower layer provides a service to the layer just above. The software or hardware that implements the higher layer requests that the next lower layer perform the needed function.

Question 15

Same-layer interaction

Answer 15

The two computers use a protocol to communicate with the same layer on another computer. The protocol defines a header that communicates what each computer wants to do

Question 16

IP

Answer 16

Internet Protocol (provides addressing and routing)

Question 17

DDN

Answer 17

Dot Decimal Notation

Question 18

Frame

Answer 18

Link header + Data + Link Trailer at Data-Link layer

Question 19

Packet

Answer 19

Header + Data at Network layer

Question 20

Encapsulation

Answer 20

The process of putting headers (and sometimes trailers) around some data

Question 21

Five Steps of Data Encapsulation: TCP/IP

Answer 21

1. Application layer (may or may not have a header): data
2. Transport layer adds for example TCP header: TCP + data
3. Network layer adds IP header: IP + TCP + data
4. Data-Link lauer adds Ethernet header AND trailer: Data-link + IP + TCP + data + Data-link
5. Physical layer trasmits the bits

Question 22

Segment

Answer 22

Header + Data at Transport layer

Question 23

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)

Answer 23

Network model no longer used but for terminology

Question 24

Layer 7

Answer 24

Application Layer in OSI Model (still used today even if OSI Model is not)

Question 25

Protocol Data Unit (PDU)

Answer 25

Generic definition equivalent to segment, packet and frame

Question 26

LxPDU

Answer 26

Layer x PDU