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SPINAL > Introduction to Spinal Orthoses (QUIZ 4) > Flashcards

Introduction to Spinal Orthoses (QUIZ 4) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ISO Nomenclatures for Orthoses?

A

Categorize
Describe
Specify
Determine

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2
Q

Categorize

A

by body segment encompassed

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3
Q

Describe

A

Individual factors affecting perscription

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4
Q

Specify

A

Clinical objectives of treatment

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5
Q

Determine

A

Design elements (interface, articulations, structural components, cosmetic elements)

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6
Q

C7

A

vertebra prominens

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7
Q

T2

A

Superior angle of scapula
sternoclavicular joint
jugular notch

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8
Q

T4

A

Sternal angle of louis

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9
Q

T3

A

Scapular spine
menubrium

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10
Q

T7

A

Inferior angle of scapula

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11
Q

T9

A

Xiphoid process

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12
Q

L2-3

A

lower costal margin

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13
Q

L4

A

iliac crest

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14
Q

S2

A

PSIS, ASIS

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15
Q

Spinal Orthoses Hypothesized Mechanisms of Action

A

Motion Control
Decreased Loading
Enhanced Proprioception
other (warmth, placebo, etc)

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16
Q

Motion Control

A

Can be gross or segmental
end point control
3 point pressure systems
total contact

17
Q

Decreased loading

A

increased abdominal pressure
skeletal alignment

18
Q

enhanced proprioception

A

avoid abnormal postures
kinesthetic reminder to withdraw

19
Q

Euler’s Buckling Theory In order to most stable

A

Fixed - Free
Pivot - Pivot
Fixed - Pivot
Fixed - Fixed

20
Q

Basic Spinal Biomechanics

A

Compressive Loading
follower load theory
functional spinal unit
denis 3 column theory

21
Q

What is Primarily Compressive Loads caused by

A

gravity
external forces & moments
muscle tension

22
Q

What is primarily compressive loads resisted by

A

boney structure
ligaments & tendons
Muscles

23
Q

Follower Load Theory

A

co-activation of trunk muscles could alter the direction of internal forces to follow the curve of the spine

muscle dysfunction can result in internal shear forces

muscle strengthening may be useful

24
Q

What are two functional spinal units

A

1) 2 vertebral bodies + intervertebral disk, facet joints & ligaments

2) 3 joint complex: cartilaginous disk + 2 synovial disks

25
Q

Anterior column

A

ALL, anterior 2/3 of body

26
Q

middle column

A

post 1/3 body, PLL

27
Q

Posterior column

A

all structures posterior to PLL

28
Q

one column injury is?

A

stable

29
Q

two column injury is?

A

unstable

30
Q

three column injury is?

A

invariably unstable

SPINAL (9 decks)

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