Introduction to Sociology

Question 1

Sociology

Answer 1

The study of groups and group interaction, societies and social institutions, from small and personal groups to very large groups

Question 2

Deviance

Answer 2

Going against society norms

Question 3

Society

Answer 3

Any human grouping occupying a regularly geographical bounding territory with its own distinct culture

Question 4

Culture

Answer 4

A groups shared practices, values and beliefs

Question 5

Subculture

Answer 5

Many different cultures (differ from the dominant culture)

Question 6

Macro sociology

Answer 6

Trends among and between large groups or societies (changes over time very slowly)

Question 7

Micro sociology

Answer 7

Interactions between small groups and individuals (changes over time quickly)

Question 8

Agency

Answer 8

People’s capacity to make choices, which then have an impact on other people and on the society they live in

Question 9

Social Structure

Answer 9

The system of cultural elements and social patterns where social interactions take place

Question 10

Sociological Imaginations

Answer 10

An awareness of the relationship between a person’s behaviour and experience and the wider culture that shaped the persons choice and perceptions

Question 11

Norms

Answer 11

Formal and informal rules of conduct for membership in a group

Question 12

Social Science

Answer 12

The systematic methods used to study the social and natural world and the knowledge gained by using those methods

Question 13

Political science

Answer 13

How people govern themselves, and the various forms of government

Question 14

Economics

Answer 14

deals with the production, consumption and distribution of goods and services

Question 15

Anthropology

Answer 15

How humans develop as a species (the development between human relationship and comparing societies)

Question 16

Psychology

Answer 16

The process that occur within individuals (medical processes, intelligence, emotions, personality, perception, memory)

Question 17

Social work

Answer 17

The way our understanding of individuals and society can help to improve people’s lives

Question 18

Sociology

Answer 18

the study of development of institutions within society, how individuals form groups, and how they interact with one another (focus on postindustrial society)

Question 19

Positivism

Answer 19

Scientific study of the social world

Question 20

Industrial revolution

Answer 20

Urbanization and population growth
- every member of the family had to work
- huge population growth
- emancipation of humankind

Question 21

Malthus

Answer 21

population will grow much faster than food production and lead to conflict

Question 22

Imperialism

Answer 22

When a country extends its borders through power and force

Question 23

August Comte

Answer 23

Positivism

Question 24

Harriet Martineau

Answer 24

First female sociologist

Question 25

Karl Marx

Answer 25

Critical sociology

Question 26

Emile Durkheim

Answer 26

Social facts, anomie (a feeling of a lack of norms that govern our behaviour)

Question 27

Max Weber

Answer 27

The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism - objectivity - anti positivism

Question 28

Critical sociology

Answer 28

An approach to theorizing the role of power (emphasizes the importance of knowledge being used to make a difference)

Question 29

Social facts

Answer 29

Are observable through data and analysis - collection of thoughts and expectations that influence a individual's thoughts and actions - external to an individual - anomie

Question 30

WEB Du Bois

Answer 30

Focused on racism and believed that capitalism is one of the main contributors to racism

Question 31

Double consciousness

Answer 31

an individual feeling as though their identity is divided into several parts, making it difficult or impossible to have one unified identity. - black people need to be conscious of how they see themselves and how white people view them in a racist society)

Question 32

Structural functionalism

Answer 32

Society is a structure with interrelated parts that are meant to meet biological and social needs of individuals

Question 33

Macro sociological approach

Answer 33

examines large scale patterns in society

Question 34

Social institutions

Answer 34

a relatively permanent societal structure that governs the behaviour of groups and promotes social order

Question 35

Robert Merton

Answer 35

believed functions are beneficial consequences of people's actions that hold a group in equilibrium

Question 36

Functions

Answer 36

Any consequence of social structures that positively affect society and impacts structural continuity.

Question 37

Manifest function

Answer 37

Intended/anticipated