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Sociology Midterm > Introduction to Sociology > Flashcards

Introduction to Sociology Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Sociology

A

The study of groups and group interaction, societies and social institutions, from small and personal groups to very large groups

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2
Q

Deviance

A

Going against society norms

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3
Q

Society

A

Any human grouping occupying a regularly geographical bounding territory with its own distinct culture

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4
Q

Culture

A

A groups shared practices, values and beliefs

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5
Q

Subculture

A

Many different cultures (differ from the dominant culture)

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6
Q

Macro sociology

A

Trends among and between large groups or societies (changes over time very slowly)

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7
Q

Micro sociology

A

Interactions between small groups and individuals (changes over time quickly)

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8
Q

Agency

A

People’s capacity to make choices, which then have an impact on other people and on the society they live in

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9
Q

Social Structure

A

The system of cultural elements and social patterns where social interactions take place

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10
Q

Sociological Imaginations

A

An awareness of the relationship between a person’s behaviour and experience and the wider culture that shaped the persons choice and perceptions

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11
Q

Norms

A

Formal and informal rules of conduct for membership in a group

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12
Q

Social Science

A

The systematic methods used to study the social and natural world and the knowledge gained by using those methods

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13
Q

Political science

A

How people govern themselves, and the various forms of government

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14
Q

Economics

A

deals with the production, consumption and distribution of goods and services

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15
Q

Anthropology

A

How humans develop as a species (the development between human relationship and comparing societies)

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16
Q

Psychology

A

The process that occur within individuals (medical processes, intelligence, emotions, personality, perception, memory)

17
Q

Social work

A

The way our understanding of individuals and society can help to improve people’s lives

18
Q

Sociology

A

the study of development of institutions within society, how individuals form groups, and how they interact with one another (focus on postindustrial society)

19
Q

Positivism

A

Scientific study of the social world

20
Q

Industrial revolution

A

Urbanization and population growth
- every member of the family had to work
- huge population growth
- emancipation of humankind

21
Q

Malthus

A

population will grow much faster than food production and lead to conflict

22
Q

Imperialism

A

When a country extends its borders through power and force

23
Q

August Comte

A

Positivism

24
Q

Harriet Martineau

A

First female sociologist

25
Q

Karl Marx

A

Critical sociology

26
Q

Emile Durkheim

A

Social facts, anomie (a feeling of a lack of norms that govern our behaviour)

27
Q

Max Weber

A

The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism
- objectivity
- anti positivism

28
Q

Critical sociology

A

An approach to theorizing the role of power (emphasizes the importance of knowledge being used to make a difference)

29
Q

Social facts

A

Are observable through data and analysis
- collection of thoughts and expectations that influence a individual’s thoughts and actions
- external to an individual
- anomie

30
Q

WEB Du Bois

A

Focused on racism and believed that capitalism is one of the main contributors to racism

31
Q

Double consciousness

A

an individual feeling as though their identity is divided into several parts, making it difficult or impossible to have one unified identity.
- black people need to be conscious of how they see themselves and how white people view them in a racist society)

32
Q

Structural functionalism

A

Society is a structure with interrelated parts that are meant to meet biological and social needs of individuals

33
Q

Macro sociological approach

A

examines large scale patterns in society

34
Q

Social institutions

A

a relatively permanent societal structure that governs the behaviour of groups and promotes social order

35
Q

Robert Merton

A

believed functions are beneficial consequences of people’s actions that hold a group in equilibrium

36
Q

Functions

A

Any consequence of social structures that positively affect society and impacts structural continuity.

37
Q

Manifest function

A

Intended/anticipated

Sociology Midterm (1 decks)

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