Introduction to Sociology

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

The norms and values of a society (e.g. the food we eat, the sports we play, the clothes we wear etc)

Question 2

Norms

Answer 2

The unwritten and informal rules we follow and understand (e.g. you queue at a bus stop)

Question 3

Roles

Answer 3

Patterns of behaviour expected by individuals in different situations (e.g. how a student behaves for a teacher)

Question 4

Social construct

Answer 4

Patterns of behaviour based on the normal and expectations of a society

Question 5

Society

Answer 5

A group of people with a common culture

Question 6

Values

Answer 6

Important beliefs held by individuals and social groups

Question 7

What is Emile Durkheim regarded as the founder of

Answer 7

Sociology

Question 8

Why is Durkheim regarded as the founder of sociology

Answer 8

~He established the first European department of sociology

~Combined imperial research with sociology

~Described as laying the foundations for functionalism

Question 9

Crime

Answer 9

Any form of behaviour that breaks the law

Question 10

What did Durkheim believe crime was

Answer 10

He believed it was natural and inevitable

Question 11

Deviance

Answer 11

Any form of behaviour that doesn’t conform to dominant norms, ranging from behaviours that are simply disapproved of to criminal actions

Question 12

Division of labour

Answer 12

The separation of any work into various component parts

Question 13

Bourgeoisie

Answer 13

The capitalist class who own the means of production

Question 14

Capitalism

Answer 14

A system of economic organisation in which businesses are owned by private individuals who profit from the labour of the workers they employ

Question 15

Communism

Answer 15

Marx believed a future ideal society would be one where the community own all runs property no there would be no social classes

Question 16

Communist manifesto

Answer 16

A political pamphlet outlining the principles of communism

Question 17

Economics

Answer 17

The study of the production and consumption of goods and services

Question 18

Left wing

Answer 18

Political beliefs which emphasise social equality eg socialism

Question 19

Liberalism

Answer 19

A political belief in systems of government in which the rights and freedoms of the individual are protected by laws and constitution

Question 20

Proletariat

Answer 20

A term used by Marx to describe all the workers who do not own the means of production and so must sell their labour

Question 21

Wealth

Answer 21

Material resources owned by individuals eg property, savings and business

Question 22

Working class

Answer 22

Members of society who are engaged in some form of manual work

Question 23

What are the two groups Marxists believe society is divided into

Answer 23

Bourgeoisie and proletariat

Question 24

False class consciousnesses

Answer 24

The proletariat have the mistaken belief that society is fair and opportunities are open to all

Question 25

Who exploits the proletariat

Answer 25

The bourgeoisie

Question 26

Is Marxism a conflict or consensus theory

Answer 26

Conflict

Question 27

What is feminism

Answer 27

Th belief that men and women should have equal opportunities