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Sectional Anatomy > Introduction To Sectional Anatomy > Flashcards

Introduction To Sectional Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of analog?

A

Information expressed in a continuous fashion.

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2
Q

Definition of anterior?

A

Relative positional term meaning closer to the front of the patient.

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3
Q

Definition of Artifacts?

A

Unwanted anomalies that sometimes appear in CT and MR images.

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4
Q

Definition of beam hardening?

A

The increase in the average energy of X-ray beam as it penetrates tissue.

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5
Q

Definition of breath-hold technique?

A

The technique to avoid motion artifacts from respiration in which the patient is requested to refrain from breathing during the short duration of the exam.

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6
Q

Definition of computed tomography?

A

An X-ray tomographic technique which uses computers to reconstruct the images.

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7
Q

Definition of contraindicated?

A

Ineligible for a procedure or treatment.

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8
Q

Definition of contrast?

A

The ability to differentiate two adjacent structures in an image.

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9
Q

Definition of contrast agent?

A

A type of pharmaceutical compound which, when administered to a patient, may improve the sensitivity and specificity of the clinical diagnosis.

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10
Q

Take a breath.

A

You’ve got this!

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11
Q

Definition of conventional scan?

A

A method of acquiring sectional CT images characterized by an increment of the patient table after each X-ray tube rotation.

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12
Q

Definition of Coronal?

A

Perpendicular to the axis which travels from anterior to posterior in the patient.

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13
Q

Definition of CT Angiography (CTA)?

A

A CT exam performed using IV contrast media in order to visualize vascular structures.

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14
Q

Definition of detector?

A

A CT hardware component which measures the X-rays that pass through the patient’s body.

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15
Q

Definition of digital?

A

Information expressed in terms of discrete numbers.

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16
Q

Definition of field of view (FOV)?

A

The number of millimeters of anatomical information reconstructed and displayed across the two, in-plane directions of the final image.

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17
Q

Definition of gantry?

A

The part of the CT scanner through which the patient table is advanced and the component that contains the CT X-ray tube and the detectors.

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18
Q

Definition of helical scan?

A

A method of acquiring sectional CT images characterized by continuous patient table motion during X-ray tube rotation.

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19
Q

Definition of image matrix?

A

The grid of rows and columns, which forms the digital image.

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20
Q

Definition of inferior?

A

Relative positional term meaning closer to the patient’s feet.

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21
Q

Definition of intravenous (IV) contrast agents?

A

Compounds containing iodine that are injected into the blood stream in order to better differentiate tissues and better delineate abnormalities on CT images.

22
Q

Definition of Kvp?

A

The CT scan parameter which is the maximum energy of the X-rays that are emitted from the CT X-ray tube and the parameter that controls the contrast on a CT image.

23
Q

Definition of lateral?

A

Relative positional term meaning closer to the side of the patient.

24
Q

Definition of localizer scan?

A

Commonly, the first scan run on a patient which displays the area of interest and important anatomical landmarks. It is used for positioning the slices of subsequent scans.

25
Q

Definition of mAs?

A

The CT scan parameter which is the mathematical product of the tube current and the rotation time (in seconds) and which determines the amount of X-rays the patient’s body is exposed to.

26
Q

Definition of MIP?

A

Maximum Intensity Projection. The post processing algorithm used on CTA and MRA data to allow visualization of the complex vascular tree.

27
Q

Definition of medial?

A

Relative positional term meaning closer to the midline of the patient.

28
Q

Definition of multiplanar reconstruction?

A

The reforming of images acquired in one orientation to produce images in other orientations.

29
Q

Definition of noise?

A

A condition in an image that refers to electronic interference and which causes the image to be grainy.

30
Q

Definition of nuclear imaging?

A

Clinical imaging method relying on the injection of a radioactive pharmaceutical agent.

31
Q

Definition of oblique?

A

Oriented at an angle between the three perpendicular axes.

32
Q

Definition of operator’s console?

A

The link between the technologist who is operating the CT system and the computerized electronic environment of the CT scanner hardware.

33
Q

Definition of oral contrast agents?

A

Compounds containing iodine or barium sulfate that are swallowed or administered rectally in order to opacify the gastrointestinal tract on CT images.

34
Q

Definition of patient table?

A

Device to support the patient usually in a supine or prone fashion.

35
Q

Definition of pitch?

A

The extent to which the X-ray helix is stretched during a helical scan.

36
Q

Definition of pixel?

A

A single picture element formed by the intersection of a row and column of the grid that makes up the digital image.

37
Q

Definition of Positron Emission Tomography?

A

A tomographic form of nuclear imaging useful for detecting metabolic changes associated with malignancies.

38
Q

Definition of posterior?

A

Relative positional term meaning closer to the back of the patient.

39
Q

Definition of protocol?

A

A pre-defined set of parameters that is used to run a scan for a specific clinical application.

40
Q

Definition of reconstruction filter?

A

A filter applied to CT data during image reconstruction that impacts the resolution and apparent image noise.

41
Q

Definition of reconstruction interval?

A

A helical scan parameter that indicates the location of the reconstructed slices and dictates the amount of space or overlap between adjacent helical slices.

42
Q

Definition of resolution?

A

A measurement of the size of the smallest structure that can be visualized, or resolved, in an image.

43
Q

Definition of sagittal?

A

Perpendicular to the axis which travels from left to right in the patient.

44
Q

Definition of sectional?

A

Referring to the division of the body’s tissues into slices.

45
Q

Definition of slice thickness?

A

The number of millimeters of anatomy, represented in the image, along the direction that is perpendicular to the final image plane.

46
Q

Definition of superior?

A

Relative positional term meaning closer to the patient’s head.

47
Q

Definition of tomography?

A

Any imaging method in which the patient’s tissues are visualized by “cutting” them into sections.

48
Q

Definition of transverse?

A

Perpendicular to the axis which travels from head to foot in the patient.

49
Q

Definition of window level?

A

The center value around which the window width is positioned.

50
Q

Definition of window width?

A

The range of tissue values that occupy the full gray scale on the image monitor.

51
Q

Definition of windowing?

A

Adjusting the brightness and contrast of the shades of gray assigned to represent the tissues in the pixels of a CT or MR image.

Sectional Anatomy (6 decks)

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