Introduction to schizophrenia Flashcards
Define schizophrenia
is a brain disorder that distorts the way a person thinks, acts, expresses emotions, relates to others and perceives reality. Its suffered by approximately 1% of the world’s
population.
What are the two ways to classify schizophrenia
ICD-10 and DSM-5
Is schizophrenia a unitary phenomenon
No it not a unitary phenomenon as there are 5 subtypes of schizophrenia ACCORDING TO ICD-10
(I&D link= Reductionist )
What are the 5 types of schizophrenia
Disorganised/ hebephrenic
Catatonic
Residual
Undifferentiated
Paranoid
What is Disorganised/ hebephrenic and its prevalence rate
tend to experience the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Symptoms include disorganised behaviour , disorganised speech. effects 10% of people with schizophrenia
What is Catatonic schizophrenia and its prevalence rate
may spend long periods of time immobile (catatonic stupor), staring blankly or uncontrolled excitement and motor movements. (effects 10% of people with schizophrenia)
What is residual schizophrenia and it prevalence rate
consists of people experiencing mild symptoms. effects 20% of people with schizophrenia
what is undifferentiated schizophrenia and its prevalence rate
People with this type experience symptoms of schizophrenia but cannot clearly fit into either one of the categories . 20% of people with schizo
what is paranoid schizophrenia and its prevalence rate
features delusions especially delusions of persecution and hallucinations. these type of schizophrenics are usually angry, argumentative and suspicious of others.
35-40%
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Atypical symptoms experienced in addition to normal experiences. They include hallucinations and delusions.
Hallucinations
Positive symptom- unusual sensory experiences that have no relationship with what is actually occurring. e.g. hearing noises or seeing things
Delusions
Positive symptom
Are irrational beliefs. Two types :
Delusions of persecution- People are out to harm you
Delusions of Grandeur- Believe that you are a supernatural being or god.
Catatonic behaviour
Positive symptom
Rigid posture or aimless motor activity
Negative symptoms
Atypical experiences that represent the loss of a usual experience.
Avolition
Negative symptom
sometimes called apathy and can be described as finding it difficult to keep up with goal directed activities. They have reduced motivation to carry out activities.
3 signs of avolition
Andreason identified 3 signs of avolition:
1)Poor hygiene
2)lack of persistence in work/education
3)Lack of energy
Speech poverty (alogia)
Negative symptom
Changes in the patterns of speech. Speech tends to lack fluency
(however speech disorganisation is a positive symptom and its when u change topic midway)
