Introduction to Respiratory System (lesson 1)

Question 1

What are the three different types of respiration?

Answer 1

1) External respiration
Exchange of O2 and CO2 between air and blood

2) Internal respiration
Exchange of O2 and CO2 between blood and cells/tissues

3) Cellular respiration
Production of ATP within cells

Question 2

What is the composition for INhaled air?

Answer 2

Oxygen O2: 21%
Carbon Dioxide CO2: 0.04%
Nitrogen (N2): 78%
Agron (Ar) and other gases: 1%

Question 3

What is the composition for EXhaled air?

Answer 3

Oxygen O2: 16%
Carbon Dioxide CO2: 4%
Nitrogen (N2): 78%
Agron (Ar) and other gases: 1%

Question 4

At rest how much does the body cells consume per min?

Answer 4

200ml of oxygen per minute and produce the same amount of CO2 per minute

Question 5

What are the four conditions required for gas exchange across a membrane?

Answer 5

1) Concentration gradient to drive diffusion
2) A thin membrane
3) A moist surface
4) A high SA for gas exchange in lungs is size of average tennis court

Question 6

Where are the lungs found?

Answer 6

In thoracic cavity, surrounded by the rib cage and diaphragm. The right lungs has three lobes, and left has two

Question 7

What does the nasal cavity do?

Answer 7

Space in the nose that filters, warms, and moistens the air we breathe

Question 8

What is the pharynx for?

Answer 8

A passage for air and food to throat

Question 9

What is the epiglottis?

Answer 9

A flap that blocks the airway during swallowing

Question 10

Discribe the larynx

Answer 10

Triangular box aka Adams apple and contains vocal cords

Question 11

What are vocal cords and describe the difference of mens and woman’s?

Answer 11

They vibrate when air is pasted by

the pitch is from the length and thickness, elasticity and tension of them

Men have longer vocal cords that vibrate 120 times/second

Women have shorter vocal cords that vibrate 220 times/second

Question 12

Discirbe the structure of the trachea

Answer 12

AKA windpipe, has cartilaginous rings and has cilia to keep them clean

Question 13

Discribe the bronchi

Answer 13

• Trachea splits into two bronchi into left and right lung
• Bronchi branch into smaller bronchial tubes

-Then to bronchioles that are air-filled sacs called alveoli

Question 14

How many alveoli do gas exchange here

Answer 14

• 300 million alveoli do gas exchange here

Question 15

Simple definition of diaphragm

Answer 15

• Dome shaped muscle
• Controls pressure change that make breathing happen