Introduction to Renal Function Flashcards
Each kidney contains 1.5 million functional units called
Nephrons
make up 85% of nephrons
Cortical Nephrons
Responsible for removal of waste and reabsorption of nutrients
Cortical Nephrons
Primary function is concentration of the urine
Juxtamedullary nephrons
4 Renal functions of nephron
Renal blood flow, Glomerular filtration, Tubular reabsorption, Tubular secretion
The human kidneys receive approx. ____% of the blood pumped through the heart
25%
The varying sizes of the arterioles help to create what?
hydrostatic pressure
Where is the vasa recta located?
adjacent to the ALH & DLH in juxtamedullary nephrons
What does the peritubular capillaries surround?
PCT, DCT
Immediate reabsorption of 60% substances
PCT
The adjustment and final reabsorption of Na, and removal of excess acid
DCT
where major exchange of water and salts take place
ALH, DLH
The exchange of water and salts maintains what
osmotic gradient
where the final concentration of urine happens
Collecting ducts
Total Renal Blood flow
1,200 mL/min
Total Renal plasma flow
600-700 mL/min
Located within the Bowman’s capsule; a sieve that filters substances in the plasma
Glomerulus
The glomerulus can only filter what substances?
substances with <70,000 kda
Factors that affect Glomerular Filtration
- Cellular structure
- Hydrostatic pressure/ oncotic pressure
- RAAS
This increases capillary permeability but does not allow the passage of large molecules and RBCs
Penetrated pores
Responsible for the restriction of large molecules as the filtrate passes through the basement membrane
Podocytes
It repels molecules with a negative charge
Shield of Negativity
Glomerulus is a + charge. T/F
False. (-) charge ang golmerulus
