Introduction To Renal And Urology Flashcards
What happens if you restrict the efferent arteriole of a glomerulus?
- Blood pressure in glomerular capillaries rises
- Filtration rate rises
Efferent is after the glomerulus.
What happens if you restrict the afferent artiole of a glomerulus?
*Blood pressure in capillaries drops
*Filtration rate drops
Afferent is before the glomerulus.
What are the three filters in the glomerulus?
- Endothelial Cells (coarsest)
- Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM)
- Slit Diapragm between podocyte processes. (Finest)
How is the endothelial cell filter cleared?
By blood flow and phagocytes
How is the GBM (glomerular basement membrane) cleared?
It is continualy renewed by mesangial cells.
How is the slit diaphragm between podocyte processes cleared?
By pinocytosis by the podocytes.
How do the kidneys filter so much fluid in a small space?
- There is a very large blood supply with many capilaries packed into the corpuscle.
- There are very many corpuscles in one kidney (50,000- 1,000,000)
What is the blood flow to the kidneys?
1.2L
Why is creatinine used as a marker for kidney function?
It is usually close to 0 as it is removed very quickly and there is no way for it to renter the body after being filtered unlike urea.
How is GFR estimated?
GFR= (Urine Concentration x Urine flow rate) divided by Plasma concentration.
How is severe kidney function treated?
Dialysis and/or transplant.
