Introduction to Pharmacology lecture 1+2

Question 1

What is the definition of pharmaceuticals?

Answer 1

Biologically active substances, including toxins

Question 2

What are pharmacodynamics? (PD)

Answer 2

What does the drug do with the body?

Question 3

What does Pharmacokinetics entail?

Answer 3

What does the body do with the drug?

Question 4

What is the therapeutic window?

Answer 4

The window between the minimum effective concentration and the minimum toxic concentration.

Question 5

What is the distinction between the primary effect and side effects?

Answer 5

The distinction between primary effect and side effect is determined by the aim for which
the medicine is administered (e.g., acetylsalicylic acid (aspirine) as a pain killer (=analgetic) or against blood clotting (=anti-coagulant)

Question 6

what is the definition of a placebo?

Answer 6

a preparation without any pharmacologically active substance

Question 7

What is a nocebo?

Answer 7

Nocebo = a placebo with unwanted effects (= side effects)